Keyword search: battery plant ,  lithium battery factory ,  power bank works ,  lifepo4 battery mill ,  Pallet Trucks LiFePO4 Battery,  LiFePO4 Pallet Trucks Battery,  Lithium Pallet Trucks Battery, 

How does the cycle life affect the performance of lead-acid batteries?

I. In Terms of Capacity Fade

1. Plate Sulfation

• During the charge-discharge cycle process of lead-acid batteries, each time the battery discharges, lead (Pb) at the negative electrode and lead dioxide (PbO₂) react with sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) in the electrolyte to form lead sulfate (PbSO₄). As the number of cycles increases, lead sulfate will gradually accumulate on the plates.

• When the battery is in a low-charge state for a long time or is not fully charged, lead sulfate will crystallize into larger particles. This phenomenon is known as plate sulfation. After sulfation, the active materials on the plates are difficult to participate in normal chemical reactions, resulting in a significant decrease in the battery's capacity. For example, under normal circumstances, the initial capacity of a lead-acid battery is 100 Ah. After multiple cycles, if severe plate sulfation occurs, the capacity may drop to 60 Ah or even lower.

2. Active Material Shedding

• During the charge-discharge cycle process, due to the repeated expansion and contraction of the plates, the active materials (lead and lead dioxide) on the plates will gradually shed. It's like the plaster on the wall of a building will gradually peel off after repeated thermal expansion and contraction.

• The shedding of active materials will reduce the total amount of substances participating in the reaction, thus leading to a decrease in the battery's capacity. Moreover, the shed active materials may accumulate at the bottom of the battery, causing internal short-circuit problems and further affecting the battery's capacity and performance.

II. In Terms of Internal Resistance Changes

1. Increase in Internal Resistance

• As the cycle life is consumed, the internal resistance of lead-acid batteries will gradually increase. On the one hand, plate sulfation will make the conductivity of the plates worse because the conductivity of sulfides is much lower than that of lead and lead dioxide. On the other hand, the shedding of active materials will lead to a decrease in the contact area between the plates and the electrolyte, increasing the resistance to ion transfer inside the battery.

• After the internal resistance increases, according to Ohm's law (I = U/R), under the same output voltage, the current that the battery can output will decrease. For example, when starting the motor of an electric vehicle, due to the increase in internal resistance, the current output by the battery is not sufficient to provide the torque required by the motor, which will lead to difficulties in starting the electric vehicle. Meanwhile, the increase in internal resistance will also make the heating phenomenon during the charge-discharge process of the battery more serious, further accelerating the decline of the battery's performance.

2. Reduction in Charge-Discharge Efficiency

• The increase in internal resistance causes more electrical energy to be converted into heat and lost during the charging process of the battery, reducing the charging efficiency. Originally, 80% of the input electrical energy could be effectively stored in the battery. With the increase in internal resistance, perhaps only 60% or even less can be stored.

• During the discharge process, the existence of internal resistance will also consume a part of the electrical energy, reducing the actual electrical energy available for external devices, resulting in a reduction in the battery's discharge efficiency. This means that under the same amount of electricity, the time that the battery can support the operation of external devices will be shortened.

III. In Terms of Output Power

1. Decline in Power Performance

• Due to the capacity fade and increase in internal resistance caused by the cycle life, the output power of lead-acid batteries will be affected. In scenarios that require high-current output, such as starting a car or an electric vehicle climbing a slope, the power performance of the battery will significantly decline.

• For example, for an electric tricycle, a new lead-acid battery can provide sufficient power when climbing a slope, enabling the vehicle to climb a slope of a certain gradient smoothly. However, as the number of cycles increases and the battery performance declines, on the same slope, the vehicle may not be able to climb the slope or the climbing speed will be significantly slower due to insufficient power.

2. Deterioration in Voltage Stability

• The reduction in cycle life will also cause the voltage stability of lead-acid batteries to deteriorate. During the discharge process, as the battery's electricity is depleted, the terminal voltage of the battery will decrease. For batteries at the end of their cycle life, the rate of this voltage decrease will be faster, and the voltage fluctuation range will be larger.

• This is very unfavorable for some devices that require high voltage stability. For example, in the power supply system of some precision electronic devices, if the voltage of the lead-acid battery is unstable, it may cause the device to fail to work normally or malfunction.

Lithium Batteries ,Ensure Quality

Our lithium battery production line has a complete and scientific quality management system

Ensure the product quality of lithium batteries

Years of experience in producing lithium batteries

Focus on the production of lithium batteries

WE PROMISE TO MAKE EVERY LITHIUM BATTERY WELL

We have a comprehensive explanation of lithium batteries

QUALIFICATION CERTIFICATE

THE QUALITY OF COMPLIANCE PROVIDES GUARANTEE FOR CUSTOMERS

MULTIPLE QUALIFICATION CERTIFICATES TO ENSURE STABLE PRODUCT QUALITY

Providing customers with professional and assured products is the guarantee of our continuous progress.

Applicable brands of our products