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According to the requirements of the "United Nations Model Regulations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods", the "International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code" and the "Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air" (ICAO TI), lithium batteries belong to Class 9 dangerous goods.

During the transportation process, if the batteries and battery packs delivered for transportation meet the provisions of the special clause SP188 of the "Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods" of the United Nations (TDG), generally, they can be transported with ordinary goods.

The exemptions for lithium battery transportation mainly need to meet the following 8 conditions:

I. Requirements for lithium content and watt-hour ratio
For lithium metal or lithium alloy batteries, the lithium content does not exceed 1 g. For lithium-ion batteries, the watt-hour rating (conversion formula: Wh = V×Ah) does not exceed 20 Wh.

Example 1:
Can lithium batteries be transported with ordinary goods? What conditions need to be met?
Explanation: Watt-hour rating 3.6 V×2 Ah = 7.2 Wh < 20 Wh
Many lithium batteries (cells) only mark the rated voltage or current. It is necessary to confirm the watt-hour rating with the battery manufacturer.

II. Requirements for battery or battery pack types
For lithium metal or alloy battery packs, the lithium content does not exceed 2 g. For lithium-ion battery packs, the watt-hour rating does not exceed 100 Wh. Lithium-ion battery packs applicable to this regulation must have their watt-hour ratings marked on the outer casing, except those produced before January 1, 2009.
Can lithium batteries be transported with ordinary goods? What conditions need to be met?
Explanation: Watt-hour rating 80 Wh < 100 Wh
Can lithium batteries be transported with ordinary goods? What conditions need to be met?
Explanation: Watt-hour rating 192.4 Wh > 100 Wh

TDG clearly requires that lithium-ion batteries produced after January 1, 2009 must have the watt-hour numbers marked on their surfaces. However, the regulations do not mandatorily require the marking of the total mass of lithium metal in the anode of lithium metal batteries. It is necessary to determine the value with the battery manufacturer.

III. Requirements for closed inner packaging
Except for those installed on equipment, batteries and battery packs must be placed in an inner packaging that completely encloses them, with protection measures to prevent short circuits of the batteries and battery packs. This includes preventing contact with conductive materials that may cause short circuits in the same packaging. The inner packaging must be placed in a solid outer packaging that complies with the provisions of 4.1.1.1, 4.1.1.2 and 4.1.1.5 of TDG Version 22.
Example 4:
Can lithium batteries be transported with ordinary goods? What conditions need to be met?
Explanation: The packaging is complete and contains sufficient cushioning materials, which has a certain protective effect on the products in the packaging.

IV. Requirements for protection measures to prevent short circuits
Batteries and battery packs installed on equipment should be protected from damage and short circuits. The equipment must be equipped with an effective device to prevent accidental activation (except for devices that are intended to work during transportation and do not generate dangerous heat release, such as radio frequency identification transmitters (RFID), watches, sensors, etc.). When the battery pack is installed on the equipment, the equipment should be packaged in a solid outer packaging made of materials with sufficient strength and designed to be suitable for its capacity and intended use, unless the equipment containing these batteries can provide equivalent protection.

V. Requirements for devices to prevent accidental activation
Each battery or battery pack meets the regulations of 2.9.4(a), 2.9.4(e), 2.9.4(f) (if applicable) and 2.9.4(g) of TDG Version 22.
VI. Requirements for lithium battery markings
Each package shall be marked with the corresponding lithium battery pack in accordance with 5.2.1.9 of TDG Version 22. According to the ICAO TI packaging guidelines, lithium battery packages affixed with the 5.2.1.9 mark and the 9A label of pattern 5.2.2.2.2 shall be considered to comply with this special regulation.
However, the above marking requirements for lithium battery packs do not apply to (1) packages containing only button batteries installed on equipment (including circuit boards); (2) when the consignment contains no more than two packages, and each package contains no more than four batteries or two battery packs installed on equipment.

When the package is placed in an overpack, the lithium battery pack marking should be clearly visible or printed and affixed on the outside of the overpack, and the overpack shall be marked with the words "OVERPACK". The height of the "OVERPACK" words shall be at least 12 mm.
VII. Drop test requirements
Except for batteries or battery packs installed on equipment, each package must be able to withstand a 1.2 m drop test in any direction without damage to the batteries or battery packs inside, no movement of the contents, so that the batteries do not contact each other (battery packs do not contact each other), and there is no leakage of the contents.
VIII. Requirements for gross weight of packages
Except for batteries/battery packs installed on equipment or packaged together with equipment, the total weight of the package shall not exceed 30 kg.

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