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As an important energy carrier, lithium batteries have become closely related to our lives and their importance is self-evident. In 2022, exports of electric vehicles increased by 131.8%, exports of photovoltaic products increased by 67.8%, and exports of lithium batteries increased by 86.7%. They have become a new growth point for China's exports. So what are the regulations and requirements for shipping lithium battery goods, and what should be paid attention to during transportation? Today, I will take you to understand.

I. What are the goods with built-in lithium batteries?
There are many goods with built-in lithium batteries, including electronic products that we use daily such as mobile phones, game consoles, laptops, Bluetooth speakers, and flashlights. It also includes vehicles containing lithium batteries, such as pure electric vehicles or hybrid vehicles.

II. Classification of lithium battery goods
According to the classification of the "International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code" (39-18 edition), lithium battery goods belong to Class 9 miscellaneous dangerous goods, mainly including four categories: lithium batteries transported alone, lithium batteries transported with equipment, vehicles containing lithium batteries, and lithium batteries installed in freight devices. According to different product types, these four categories of goods are subdivided into seven items.

III. Shipping regulations for lithium battery goods
Next, let's take a look at the transportation requirements for lithium battery goods:

1. Lithium batteries need to pass the test of Section 38.3 of the "Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, Manual of Tests and Standards" of the United Nations, hold corresponding certificates and provide test briefs.

2. Batteries and battery packs must be equipped with safety vents, short circuit prevention and other devices as required, and manufacturing must have a high-quality management plan to ensure.

3. Packages of goods containing lithium batteries (groups) shall meet the construction and test requirements of Chapter 6 of the "International Dangerous Goods Code", obtain inspection certificates, and affix exclusive lithium battery marks.

4. Containers must be packed in accordance with relevant national standards, and Class 9 dangerous goods signs must be posted around the containers.

5. The cargo owner and carrier must go through the shipborne dangerous goods reporting and declaration procedures as required before transportation.

In addition to the above requirements, the "International Dangerous Goods Code" also clarifies the exemption situations of some lithium battery goods through the special provision SP188 clause. Goods that meet the conditions can be exempted from other transportation technical requirements, reducing transportation costs to a certain extent.

Warm reminder: If you are not sure whether the goods meet the relevant conditions, you can identify through a qualified institution to reduce safety and pollution risks.

IV. Packaging requirements for lithium battery goods

1. Ensure that the lithium battery is individually packaged in a completely closed inner package, such as blister packaging or cardboard to ensure that each battery is protected. There must be a sturdy outer package. Unless the battery or battery is installed in the equipment or when packaging the equipment, the total mass of the package shall not exceed 30kg.

2. The packaging cover can avoid short circuits or make the battery come into contact with any conductive substance.

3. Ensure that the packaging is reliable to meet the requirements of the UN38.3 test;

4. Additional requirements for transporting lithium batteries installed in equipment. The equipment should be fixed to prevent movement within the packaging. The packaging method should prevent accidental activation during transportation. The outer packaging should be waterproof or achieve waterproofing by using an inner lining (such as a plastic bag), unless the structural characteristics of the equipment itself already have waterproof characteristics. Lithium batteries should avoid strong vibrations during handling.

5. Affix the correct lithium battery label on the package, and display Class 9 dangerous goods signs and marks on the cargo transport component. When the package is placed in an overpack, the lithium battery mark must be clearly visible or affixed on the outside of the overpack, and the overpack must be marked with the word "OVERPACK". The height of the "OVERPACK" font must be at least 12mm.

6. Lithium batteries loaded in containers must be properly stowed and reinforced. The reinforcement method and reinforcement strength should meet the requirements of the exporting country and the importing country at the same time. For example, there are relevant regulations of the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, the U.S. Department of Transportation and the "Maritime Dangerous Goods Transport Rules" within the United States.

V. How to declare lithium battery goods
The shipper declares relevant materials to the competent authority as required to prove that the goods meet the requirements of manufacturing in accordance with the quality management system, passing the corresponding tests in Section 38.3, having appropriate short circuit prevention devices and measures, the package being able to withstand the 1.2m drop test, and the package being marked with lithium battery marks. The main materials provided are MSDS, packaging inspection certificate, short circuit prevention measure description, proof of passing the test in Section 38.3 of the "Manual of Tests and Standards", cargo packing certificate, declaration entrusted materials, etc.

Note: Lithium battery goods have caused many accidents in sea transportation. They must be packaged and packed in accordance with specifications before being delivered for transportation, and relevant procedures must be completed as required. If the maritime department finds that lithium battery goods are transported in violation of regulations, it will impose severe penalties according to law. In addition, if exported, the customs will also conduct on-site inspections on the applicability and standardization of packaging. Only after passing the inspection can they be transported.

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