-Which battery is more harmful, undercharged or overcharged

Which battery is more harmful, undercharged or overcharged
author:enerbyte source:本站 click35 Release date: 2024-09-09 08:45:36
abstract:
When using lithium batteries, it should be noted that the battery enters a sleep state after being left for a period of time, at which point the capacity is lower than normal and the usage time is shortened accordingly. But lithium batteries are easy to activate, as long as they undergo 3-5 normal c...

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When using lithium batteries, it should be noted that the battery enters a sleep state after being left for a period of time, at which point the capacity is lower than normal and the usage time is shortened accordingly. But lithium batteries are easy to activate, as long as they undergo 3-5 normal charge and discharge cycles to activate the battery and restore normal capacity. Due to the inherent characteristics of lithium batteries, they have almost no memory effect. Therefore, users do not need any special methods or equipment during the activation process of new lithium batteries. Not only in theory, but also in my own practice, using standard charging methods from the beginning as a 'natural activation' approach is the best.

For the issue of "activation" of lithium batteries, many opinions suggest that the charging time must exceed 12 hours and be repeated three times in order to activate the battery. The statement that 'the first three charges should be charged for more than 12 hours' is clearly a continuation of nickel batteries such as nickel cadmium and nickel hydrogen. So this statement can be said to have been a misconception from the beginning. There is a significant difference in the charging and discharging characteristics between lithium batteries and nickel batteries, and it can be clearly stated that charging and overdischarging can cause significant damage to lithium batteries, especially liquid lithium-ion batteries. Therefore, it is best to charge according to standard time and methods, especially not for over 12 hours of ultra long charging.

Alas, as a lead-acid battery worker, I often encounter problems with lithium batteries. Since there is no lithium battery colleague to answer, let me step in and take over.. Compared to lead batteries, the biggest advantage of lithium batteries in terms of performance is their long cycle life. Even with full charge and discharge, there is no pressure even after thousands of cycles. But the disadvantage is that it is sensitive to overcharging and overdischarging, and once overcharged or overdischarging occurs, the battery will suffer irreversible damage. In order to cope with overcharging and discharging, all lithium batteries have complex and strict power management systems (BMS, batterymanagementsystem), The system will strictly control the amount of electricity entering and leaving the battery to ensure that the battery always operates in a safe state. A good phone has a very precise power management system, even if it is constantly plugged into a charger, it will not overcharge, and even if it is overused, it will not over discharge. So, just use it as you like. If you don't fully charge it when you go out, don't worry if it won't automatically shut down soon. Otherwise, you should still bring a portable power supply; Charge to 90% at night, you can continue charging. But for safety reasons, I suggest you unplug it. If the lithium battery power management system is not good enough, although overcharging and overdischarging can directly lead to battery scrap, for users, overcharging has a greater impact because overdischarging can at most end the battery's life. However, overcharging can cause the battery to expand or explode, which is a big problem. It is said that Apple phones have excellent power management. After being fully charged, they do not stop charging, but start discharging, releasing about 5% before recharging, and so on. I don't know how sharp it feels~~

Firstly, the power management system of the battery will not allow you to overcharge.

Secondly, the battery itself is a consumable, and whether you use it or not, how much it is charged, the battery is aging and its performance is declining. But it's enough for you to switch to another phone.

Don't worry and use it boldly, don't ask such questions in the future.

All the following content is limited to lithium-ion batteries used in mobile phones. Other nickel cadmium nickel hydrogen batteries are completely unsuitable due to their different structures. As mentioned in the question, mobile phone batteries are not used. Assuming that the subject is not using counterfeit phones manufactured by unknown manufacturers, due to the special nature of counterfeit phones, we cannot know the differences between them. The various bizarre and shoddy designs of counterfeit phones are beyond your imagination. The batteries we use now have a dedicated circuit board inside to ensure the battery's over discharge (discharging too much electricity to affect battery life) and over charging (charging too much to exceed battery capacity and affect battery life). Overcharging can also cause the battery to swell, and if the design of the phone case is insufficient, it can cause the back case to tilt. At present, mainstream MTK platform products all have overcharge protection, but the specific design depends on each manufacturer. Generally, mainstream products have overcharge protection, which means that you can plug in the charger for a long time without any problems. When we use batteries, the most important thing we care about is the battery life, which depends on the number of times it is charged. After being charged 400 times, a battery's charge will drop to about 80% of its nominal capacity. Where is the nominal location? It's a bunch of numbers before the mAh on the battery, such as 1400mAh. So let's discuss the charging situation below. We simplify the various charging situations into three types: 1. The battery power goes from 100% to 0%, then to 100%; 2. The battery power goes from 100% to 50%, then to 100%; 3. The battery power goes from 50% to 0%, and then only to 50%. In these three situations, the test standard is that the battery power drops to the nominal 80%. The second method can be charged the most times, followed by the first method, and the third method is the worst. So, if it's time to charge, it's best to fully charge. BTW, As mentioned above, Apple's charging mechanism has undergone significant changes from iPhone 4 to iPhone 5s. Previously, when charging iPhone 4 and iPhone 4s, you would feel that the battery would always be fully charged because it would continue to charge while discharging. Since I have never used iPhone 5, I don't know what the situation is like. When I used iPhone 5s, I found that Apple's charging mechanism had completely changed. It would detect the number of times the charger was plugged in or the voltage of the battery. If you don't unplug the charger, after iPhone 5s is fully charged, it will stop charging until you unplug it. And when you plug in the charger, the electricity consumed by using the phone goes through the charger and is not taken from the battery, so it can be said that the battery basically does not consume electricity. Finally, Apple has always been at the forefront of the industry. When manufacturers first heard about the Coulomb meter, it had already appeared on the iPhone 4 and was widely used by the public. Therefore, the difference between current phone manufacturers and Apple is about 2 years. In the mobile phone industry, the 2-year difference is enough to crush many manufacturers, so Apple's profit margin has always been above 30%

Based on the question from the question holder and some common questions about how to use mobile phone batteries reasonably, I would like to briefly explain:

How long does it take to charge a phone for the first time?

(We often hear people say this when buying a mobile phone: "Since your phone battery has not been activated yet, and the battery has a memory function, the first charge is very important. You must use up all the electricity in the phone and fully charge it for more than 12 hours. And you must also follow this method for the first three charges to fully activate the battery. If you don't do this, your phone battery may not last long.") Answer: First, explain what is the memory effect of a battery: if the battery is not fully charged and discharged for a long time, it is easy to leave traces in the battery and reduce the battery capacity. This phenomenon is called the battery memory effect. The meaning is that the battery seems to remember the user's daily charging and discharging range and mode, and it is difficult to change this mode over time, so it cannot be charged or discharged significantly. Why do the staff recommend charging for 12 hours on the first charge and draining the battery? This is to ensure that the battery operates within the widest voltage range, fully utilizes its capacity, and retains its memory. So does any material battery have a memory effect? The answer is negative. Nickel cadmium batteries, nickel hydrogen rechargeable batteries, have memory effect. Among them, nickel cadmium batteries have the most significant memory effect. Early mobile phone batteries used nickel cadmium batteries, which is why there is a saying that the first charge should be 12 hours and the battery should be fully discharged. But now the batteries in mobile phones are all lithium batteries, and lithium batteries have no memory effect, so this previous charging method is no longer applicable. The biggest advantage of lithium batteries in terms of performance is their long cycle life, even with full charge and discharge, there is no pressure even after thousands of cycles. But the disadvantage is that it is sensitive to overcharging and overdischarging, and once overcharged or overdischarging occurs, the battery will suffer irreversible damage. In short, for the batteries in today's mobile phones, overcharging and discharging are the biggest reasons that damage their lifespan. Answer the question "How long does it take to charge your phone for the first time?" based on the above introduction: It is recommended that you follow the normal charging method and the charging light will turn off, as this indicates that the charging has been completed. Overcharging can cause damage to the battery.

[Question 2] Which is more harmful to the battery, undercharging or overcharging?

Answer: First of all, what I want to say is that insufficient charging will not cause damage to the battery! As mentioned above, once lithium batteries are overcharged or overdischarged, irreversible damage can occur, damaging the foundation of the battery. In order to cope with overcharging and discharging, all lithium batteries have complex and strict power management systems (BMS, batterymanagementsystem), The system will strictly control the amount of electricity entering and leaving the battery to ensure that the battery always operates in a safe state. The battery management methods of major mobile phone manufacturers vary, but it can be confirmed that even if you keep the charger plugged into the power source, the phone will automatically switch the switch to stop charging the battery after it is fully charged (it is said that Apple's power management does not stop charging after being fully charged, but starts discharging, releasing about 5%, and then charging again, and so on). Therefore, if the BMS of the mobile phone manufacturer is done well, you don't have to worry about overcharging at all. After conducting extensive charging and discharging experiments on batteries, the academic community has found that the highest Coulombic efficiency is achieved when the battery operates between 30% and 70% of its capacity, resulting in minimal damage to the battery. So, insufficient charging not only does not cause damage to the battery, but also extends its lifespan.

[Conclusion]

Most of the mobile phones we use now use lithium batteries. It is recommended to charge them until the charging light on the charger turns off or the battery level reaches 90% or above. When discharging, try not to let the phone automatically shut down. When the phone issues a low battery warning, it should be charged in a timely manner to protect the battery and effectively extend its service life.

If it is a lithium-ion battery and it is uncertain whether there is overcharge protection, please do not overcharge. The current mainstream lithium-ion battery is a combination of LiCoO2+LiC6 (which is actually graphite that absorbs lithium) anode and cathode. During discharge, LiCoO2 is embedded with Li+while trivalent Co is reduced to divalent. When charging, the process is reversed. So the situation of overcharging is actually forcing Li out of LiCoO2 and oxidizing trivalent Co to tetravalent. The electronic structure of tetravalent Co is highly unstable, easily decomposing and causing overall crystal structure damage, thereby reducing the overall capacitance and cycling. If it is not fully charged, it will not cause much damage to the well crafted lithium-ion battery structure and is not a very serious problem.

Answer the question directly. Firstly, unplugging the phone battery before it is fully charged will not affect its lifespan. But if conditions permit and it is not troublesome, using it connected to a charging cable will be more beneficial for battery life. In addition, although smartphones now have many measures to prevent overcharging, such as IC protection, the probability of overcharging still exists, and it is likely to cause serious consequences such as explosions, especially for those counterfeit phones. So when using it in daily life, try not to overcharge and unplug it promptly after charging. This not only extends the battery's lifespan but also reduces personal injury. Finally, it should be noted that excessive discharge poses a significant threat to the battery. It is advisable to avoid using the phone below 20% battery level, especially below 5% battery level, as it can cause irreversible damage to the battery.

We generally have the idea that it is better to fully discharge the battery power of our mobile phones before recharging, which is basically correct, because most of the rechargeable batteries we used in the past were nickel hydrogen (NiH) batteries, and NiH batteries have a so-called memory effect. If we do not discharge and recharge them, it will lead to a rapid reduction in battery life. That's why we use the last drop of electricity to start charging. But nowadays, most mobile phones and general IA products use lithium (Li) batteries, which do not have the problem of memory effect. If everyone still waits until all the electricity is used up before charging, it will actually make the chemical substances inside the lithium battery unable to react and reduce its lifespan. The best way is to charge it whenever you have nothing to do and keep it in the best fully charged state anytime, anywhere, so that your battery can be used for a long time. This is information obtained from the manufacturer and tested by themselves.

Do not answer calls while the phone is charging

The reason is that there is a potential danger when answering incoming calls while the phone is charging. There is a 31 year old young man in India who works as a business manager in an insurance company. More than ten days ago, while his phone was still charging, he answered the phone. After a few seconds, a large amount of current passed through the phone, and the young man was thrown to the ground. When his family found him, his fingers were burned, his heart was weak, and he had lost consciousness. After being urgently taken to the hospital, the doctor announced that he had died in the hospital. The mobile phone is currently the most commonly used modern invention. However, we must also be alert to the danger of instrument mortality.

Do not use your phone when there is only one cell left

Compared to when there is only one cell left, the transmission intensity of a phone is more than 1000 times higher. Therefore, people who often talk about mobile phones should pay attention. Yesterday, I received an important message from a mobile phone vendor, which is that when you find that the reception intensity of your phone is only one cell left, you should hang up and not talk or use a public phone. Don't talk endlessly, stutter, be affectionate, unable to stop, and never stop. Why? Everyone knows that electromagnetic waves from mobile phones have always been a concern. In order to maintain good call quality in areas with poor reception, the design of mobile phones strengthens the electromagnetic wave emission intensity. When the reception is full and there is only one cell left, the emission intensity differs by more than 1000 times. The electromagnetic wave intensity is as high as 0.6W (watts). How strong is 0.6W? I cannot describe in detail what adverse effects it will have on your brain. 5. Parasite of mobile phone bills

Don't rush to make it exactly one minute

When we make phone calls, we often feel fortunate to end before 1:00, but in fact, it's not like that. According to a staff member from China Mobile, when you reach 0:55, it's already counted as one minute, so the call time from 0:55 to 1:00 is actually counted as two minutes of your money~

When the phone gets wet, please remember not to make any button movements, especially when turning it off (once any action is pressed, water will immediately flow along with the circuit board). The correct method is to immediately open the cover, remove the battery directly, and force the power off directly to protect the motherboard from water invasion.

This common sense is very important, so I want to convey it to everyone and make their phones last longer. Learn it, for future reference,

How to revive mobile phone batteries

When the battery life of your mobile phone becomes shorter (due to memory effect or aging), would you buy another battery to replace it?

Next time you encounter this situation, please save your money and try a very effective method:

1) Wrap the battery in newspaper, then put it in a plastic bag and put it in the freezer for three days (the newspaper can absorb excess water)

2) After three days, take it out and leave it at room temperature for two days

3) Two days later, charge the battery and pack it into a mobile phone for testing (estimated to save 80% -90%)

This message was revealed by a well-known battery manufacturer engineer, and according to friends who have tested it, the effect is quite effective

As for whether it has any effect, the battery is running out of power anyway, and everyone has a refrigerator. Friends, why not give it a try,

Let's do CPR on your phone,

Does the phone frequently lose power? Or did it run out of battery shortly after being fully charged?

Have you ever suspected that the lifespan of a mobile phone has come to an end?

Don't worry, it just stopped beating for a moment, just a small eraser can revive it,

After removing the battery, use an eraser to clean the contacts (brass plates) on the battery, and then reinstall it on the phone. You will find that it is really amazing, it has come back to life and looks like a new one.

We generally have the idea that it is better to fully discharge the battery power of our mobile phones before recharging, which is basically correct, because most of the rechargeable batteries we used in the past were nickel hydrogen (NiH) batteries, and NiH batteries have a so-called memory effect. If we do not discharge and recharge them, it will lead to a rapid reduction in battery life. That's why we use the last drop of electricity to start charging. But nowadays, most mobile phones and general IA products use lithium (Li) batteries, which do not have the problem of memory effect. If everyone still waits until all the electricity is used up before charging, it will actually make the chemical substances inside the lithium battery unable to react and reduce its lifespan. The best way is to charge it whenever you have nothing to do and keep it in the best fully charged state anytime, anywhere, so that your battery can be used for a long time. This is information obtained from the manufacturer and tested by themselves.


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