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Many people say that it is best not to charge lithium batteries during winter. This is mainly because at low temperatures, the charged lithium ions on the negative electrode surface are easily deactivated and form dendritic lithium crystals, which directly penetrate the separator, causing a micro short circuit in the battery and affecting its lifespan and performance. In severe cases, it can lead to explosions.

Which of the mainstream ternary lithium batteries currently has better low-temperature performance than lithium iron phosphate batteries?

Ternary lithium battery

Ternary batteries are new energy batteries that have just emerged in recent years, mainly used as power batteries for new energy vehicles. As a starter battery, it still carries certain risks because its low temperature stability and high temperature resistance are not as good as traditional lead-acid batteries. The lower limit of low-temperature temperature for ternary batteries is -30 ℃, with good low-temperature discharge performance. Under the same low-temperature conditions as lithium iron phosphate batteries, the mileage attenuation in winter is less than 15%, which is significantly higher than that of lithium iron phosphate batteries.

Lithium iron phosphate battery

The low-temperature performance of lithium batteries varies depending on the composition of the materials. Lithium iron phosphate, which is now recognized as having higher safety performance, has the worst low-temperature performance. The lower temperature limit is -20 ℃, and the capacity retention rate varies in different low-temperature environments. The capacity retention rate is about 60-70% at 0 ℃, 40-55% at -10 ℃, and 20-40% at -20 ℃.

Relatively speaking, lithium manganese oxide, lithium cobalt oxide, and ternary materials have better low-temperature performance, but they are also limited and sacrifice high-temperature performance. The industry has always said that lithium iron phosphate has high safety performance and good high-temperature performance. However, this is actually because the activity of the battery is not as high as the above three, and it is relatively safer. The overall performance is still not as good as manganese lithium or ternary. Improving the low-temperature performance of lithium iron phosphate batteries can only increase the ambient temperature or add heating modules.

Characteristics of Large Low Temperature Lithium Batteries

1. Adopting stacking technology with low internal resistance;

2. Discharge at -40 ℃ and 0.2C, with a discharge capacity exceeding 90% of the initial capacity;

3. Discharge at -50 ℃ and 0.2C, with a discharge capacity exceeding 75% of the initial capacity;

4. Wide working temperature range, -40 ℃ to 55 ℃;

5. Can be charged at -40 ℃;

6. Using lithium iron phosphate chemical substance, with high safety and long cycle life;

7. Suitable for polar scientific research, cold zone rescue, special robots, special equipment, medical equipment and other fields

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