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Can lead-acid batteries be used in parallel with lithium batteries? Can lead-acid batteries be mixed and used in parallel with lithium batteries? In UPS batteries, there are two common types of batteries: lithium batteries and lead-acid batteries. The two have different voltages and cannot be used in parallel according to regulations, which can cause danger if used in parallel. So, what are the reasons why the two types of batteries cannot be used in parallel? The editor will tell you all to pay attention and keep an eye on it!

Can lead-acid batteries be used in parallel with lithium batteries?

Firstly, the answer is that lithium batteries and lead-acid batteries cannot be used in parallel.

1. The discharge platform is different

A single lithium battery has a voltage of 3.7V, while a single lead-acid cell has a voltage of 2 * 2=4V (a lead-acid cell has a voltage of 2V, and a battery can be used for 2-6 or even 8 cells, which is 4-16V). If combined, one type of battery will run out of electricity, while the other has a lot of electricity (depending on the battery capacity).

2. Different charging performance

Lead acid batteries are charged uniformly, which means constant current and voltage charging; UPS lithium batteries are charged with constant current and then constant voltage. If the voltage is constant from the beginning, it will activate the lithium battery management board's protection function, causing it to not charge, or if the charging current is too high, it will damage the battery life, and the battery cannot be used 50 times.

The reasons why lithium batteries cannot be connected in parallel with lead-acid batteries are as follows:

⑴ Discharge: When discharging UPS batteries with different capacities, there will always be one that is discharged first, while the other still has a higher voltage;

⑵ Charging: When charging batteries with different capacities, there will always be one that is fully charged first, while the other still has a lower voltage;

⑶ Battery out of charge: lifespan shortened by 80%, even damaged;

(4) Battery overcharging: It will break the chemical balance and be accompanied by water electrolysis, which will also damage the battery;

Charging between batteries: When the voltage of a certain battery drops, the high voltage battery will charge it, and the current is not controlled. If this current is combined with the charging current from the generator, even in an instant, it will cause significant damage to the battery. After a battery is damaged, a good battery will continue to charge it until its own power is depleted.

In summary, parallel connection of batteries requires strict conditions, including the same factory, model, specification, batch, and circuit connection, as well as the same usage environment. Otherwise, it is not recommended to use them.

What are the precautions for series and parallel connection of lithium batteries?

Do not mix different brands of lithium batteries, different capacities, or old and new lithium batteries together, choose batteries with consistent performance. When the battery is low, replace all batteries. When using lithium batteries in series, the same type of battery should be used. Pay attention to the polarity of the battery. If the polarity of one battery is reversed, it will reduce the voltage of the entire series of batteries instead of increasing the voltage.

The general use of lithium batteries in series and parallel requires pairing of lithium battery cells. The pairing standards are: voltage difference of lithium battery cells ≤ 10mV, internal resistance difference of lithium battery cells ≤ 5m Ω, and capacity difference of lithium battery cells ≤ 20mA.

Which is better, lithium battery or lead-acid battery?

① Volume energy density:

Normally, lead-acid battery packs weigh between 16-30 kilograms and have a larger volume; Lithium batteries generally weigh 2.5-3.0 kilograms and have a relatively small volume. The volumetric capacity density of lithium batteries is usually about 1.5 times that of lead-acid batteries, making them easy to ride and transport.

The energy density of lithium battery packs is generally between 200-260wh/g, and that of lead-acid is generally between 50-70wh/g. Therefore, the weight energy density of lithium batteries is 3-5 times that of lead-acid.

② Production cost:

The cost of main materials such as positive electrode materials, negative electrode materials, current collectors, separators, electrolytes, etc. in lithium battery packs is much higher than that of lead-acid batteries. The cost of assembly accessories and external circuit systems for lead-acid batteries is extremely low. Due to the manufacturing process, the labor cost of lithium batteries is relatively high. In the manufacturing cost, the labor cost of lithium batteries accounts for over 40%, while the labor cost of lead-acid batteries is generally 10% to 20%.

③ Recycling value:

The mechanical equipment used in the production of lithium battery packs is expensive and of high value, resulting in significant depreciation losses. Most processes in the production of lithium batteries are irreversible, while lead-acid batteries are reversible for repair and reuse. The recycling value of lead-acid batteries after use is over 40%, while the recycling value of lithium batteries is almost zero.

④ Service life:

The cycle times of ternary power type lithium batteries are usually more than 1000 times, the cycle times of iron phosphate lithium batteries are more than 2000 times, and the cycle times of lead-acid batteries are usually only about 300-350 times. After 2000 cycles, the capacity of iron phosphate lithium power batteries is still greater than 80%, and the 3C cycle life reaches more than 800 times. So the service life of lithium batteries is about 3-6 times that of lead-acid batteries.

⑤ Price:

At present, lithium batteries are about three times more expensive than lead-acid batteries in terms of price. However, based on the analysis of service life, investing the same cost still results in a longer service life for lithium batteries.

⑥ Applicability:

Lithium batteries have slightly lower safety compared to lead-acid batteries, so various safety precautions need to be taken during use, such as preventing external forces or accidents from damaging the lithium battery, as this may cause fire or explosion; At present, the temperature applicability of lithium batteries is also very good, so in other adaptability aspects, lithium batteries are no less than lead-acid batteries.

⑦ National policy:

Lead acid batteries pose significant environmental hazards due to production processes or discarded batteries. Therefore, from a national policy perspective, restrictions have been placed on the expansion and reinvestment of lead-acid batteries, or on their use in certain fields. However, lithium batteries are green and environmentally friendly, and there is no pollution during the production process. In the future, the trend of replacing lead-acid batteries with lithium batteries will become more apparent, and the progress will gradually accelerate.

⑧ Environmental friendliness:

Lithium battery packs have less pollution compared to lead-acid batteries! Lithium batteries are greener compared to ordinary batteries, with less environmental pollution. They do not contain any heavy metals or rare metals, are non-toxic, and are pollution-free in both production and use. They comply with European RoHS regulations and can avoid environmental pollution caused by replacing ordinary batteries.

In summary, lithium batteries have more advantages and will be more widely used.

Lithium batteries and lead-acid batteries are currently two widely used UPS power supply batteries. In terms of the development of the global battery market, whether it is power or energy storage products, lithium batteries have been widely promoted with many advantages. Under the premise of the country's strong promotion of energy conservation and environmental protection, the development of lithium batteries can be described as very rapid. It will be a matter of time before lithium batteries replace lead-acid batteries.

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