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What is the current energy density of lithium iron phosphate batteries? The energy density of lithium iron phosphate batteries will achieve breakthroughs in the future. It is understood that it is not difficult to improve the current market to reach 90Wh/kg of lithium iron phosphate batteries, but there are very few enterprises that need to achieve 120Wh/kg. BYD has always focused on lithium iron phosphate battery and is at the forefront of domestic technology in this area. However, the energy density of lithium iron phosphate batteries is far lower than that of ternary lithium batteries.

What is the current energy density of lithium iron phosphate batteries?

At present, China's automotive power battery technology route has chosen the same route as the United States for lithium iron phosphate. Undoubtedly, lithium iron phosphate batteries have many advantages: high stability and relatively cheap price, but their energy density (higher energy density to better solve the mileage problem) has very limited room for improvement. It is understood that the energy density of individual lithium iron phosphate batteries can reach 157Wh/kg, but after grouping, the energy density of individual batteries decreases to 100Wh/kg.

The current capacity density of lithium iron phosphate batteries is generally around 150Wh/kg, and even if done better, it is still around 160Wh/kg, which is significantly different from the 200Wh/kg energy density of ternary batteries. The upcoming 32131 high-energy density cylindrical lithium iron phosphate battery has a single energy density of 180Wh/kg, and passenger cars using this battery can achieve a range of over 300km. With the development and application of various new materials and technologies, Guoxuan High tech plans to increase the maximum capacity of lithium iron phosphate single cell to 200Wh/kg in 2019.

Guoxuan High tech revealed to investors on the interactive platform that this year, BAIC New Energy's EC180 and EC220 models will use the company's high-energy density lithium iron phosphate batteries. At present, the energy density of the company's high-energy lithium iron phosphate battery is close to the level of ternary 333, and it is significantly better than ternary batteries in terms of cycle life and cost control. It is very suitable for large-scale use in mid to low-end vehicle models, and the energy density and performance of the product are constantly improving.

The use of lithium iron phosphate batteries has achieved performance in all aspects of the system and the vehicle, even exceeding that of ternary batteries, making lithium iron batteries on par with ternary batteries in the field of new energy passenger vehicles. In terms of other batteries, Guoxuan High tech has previously stated in a research activity jointly conducted by the Power Battery Application Branch of the China Chemical and Physical Power Industry Association and the Battery China Network that the company is progressing smoothly in undertaking the "300Wh/kg" high energy density major scientific and technological project of the Ministry of Science and Technology. The company's independently developed soft pack battery cells have reached an energy density of 302Wh/kg. The company will continue to layout around this major technology project and plans to promote the industrialization of related products this year.

Formula for calculating energy density of lithium iron phosphate batteries

The energy stored in iron phosphate batteries is the amount of electrical work that can be done by the battery during discharge (W=UIt=UQ). If the rated capacity of the battery is 1300mAh, and it discharges the battery with a current of 130mA, the battery can operate continuously for 10 hours (1300mAh/130mA=10h); If the discharge current is 1300mA, then the power supply time is only about 1 hour. For example, if the capacity of a No.5 dry battery is Q=500mAh, it means that this dry battery can work for 1 hour with a discharge current of 500mA, that is, Q=It=0.5A x 3600s=1800As=1800c. If this battery is used to power a quartz clock with a working current of about 65uA, it can be used for t=Q/I=500mAh/65uA=7692h=320 days, which can provide power for nearly a year. The energy stored in this battery is.

Energy density comparison between lithium iron phosphate batteries and ternary lithium batteries

The energy density of lithium iron phosphate batteries is far lower than that of ternary lithium batteries, but their safety is generally considered better than ternary lithium batteries. Let's talk about energy density first. Currently, the subsidy standards for new energy vehicles depend on the energy density of the battery system. The specific policy is that when the energy density of the battery system exceeds 120Wh/kg, it can enjoy 1.1 times the subsidy, and between 90Wh/kg and 120Wh/kg, it can only enjoy one time the subsidy.

It is understood that it is not difficult for lithium iron phosphate batteries on the market to reach 90Wh/kg after improvement, but there are very few enterprises that need to achieve 120Wh/kg. BYD has always focused on lithium iron phosphate batteries and is at the forefront of technology in China. Previously, there were rumors that BYD had developed high-energy density lithium iron phosphate batteries with a capacity density of up to 150Wh/kg, which is almost equivalent to ternary lithium batteries.

Furthermore, from the production capacity plans of several power batteries in 2017, it can be seen that the expansion of production capacity for ternary lithium batteries is particularly evident. Even companies like BYD, which used to love lithium iron phosphate batteries, maintained their production capacity unchanged in 2017 and turned to expanding ternary lithium batteries.

The specific energy by weight and specific energy by volume of lithium iron phosphate are

Battery for pure electric vehicles: approximately 110Wh/kg; 210Wh/L

Battery for hybrid electric vehicles: approximately 65Wh/kg; 120Wh/L

A battery pack usually refers to the part of the battery cell with a protective plate, while a battery pack usually refers to the part of the battery pack with an outer shell.

The specific energy of the battery pack is similar to the specific energy of the battery cells

The specific energy of a battery pack is related to the weight and volume of the casing and other accessories.

Specific energy refers to the energy per unit weight or unit volume, and the specific energy of a battery is the amount of electrical energy released per unit mass of electrode material participating in electrode reactions.

Overall, lithium iron phosphate batteries have achieved breakthroughs in energy density and may be applied in the field of passenger cars. Nowadays, some domestic lithium battery companies have started to develop and exert efforts in the energy density gradient of 180Wh/kg, 200Wh/kg, and 220Wh/kg, and have achieved very good results. Now, 180Wh/kg has started two trials. Once a higher gradient is reached, it means that lithium iron phosphate batteries have the opportunity to enter the field of passenger cars and be used in passenger cars!

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