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1、 The current technology maturity of ternary and lithium iron phosphate batteries is high

1. Triple element and lithium iron phosphate batteries are the company's key layout priorities

In the field of automotive power lithium forklift batteries, lithium forklift batteries have become mainstream. At present, the important battery types of international mainstream power lithium battery companies are mainly lithium iron phosphate and ternary lithium forklift batteries.

From the perspective of the Chinese market, lithium iron phosphate and ternary batteries are still the mainstream of automotive power lithium batteries, with installed capacity accounting for 94.5% and 93.3% of the total market in 2016 and 2017.

2. There is still a period of development for lithium iron phosphate and ternary lithium forklift batteries

After a period of development, the technological level of lithium iron phosphate and ternary lithium forklift batteries has been significantly improved. In terms of cost, the price of lithium iron phosphate battery packs has decreased from 1.8-1.9 yuan/Wh at the beginning of 2017 to 1.45-1.55 yuan/Wh at the end of the year. The price of ternary power lithium battery packs has decreased from 1.7-1.8 yuan/Wh at the beginning of the year to 1.4-1.5 yuan/Wh at the end of the year.

In terms of energy density, by the end of 2017, based on the NCM622 material, the individual energy density of the battery exceeded 200Wh/kg, and the system energy density was 160Wh/kg. It is expected that the individual energy density of the battery can reach 230-250Wh/kg by 2018.

There is still some room for improvement in these two types of batteries, especially in the use of new generation materials to improve battery performance. For example, the research and development of positive electrode materials 811 and silicon carbon negative electrodes will further enhance the energy density of lithium-ion power batteries. The individual energy density is expected to reach 300Wh/kg. In addition, these two types of batteries have a strong industrial foundation, and competition in the industry will still exist for a period of time.

2、 Solid state batteries have become the current focus of layout

From the perspective of technological potential, the theoretical energy density of the lithium iron phosphate system is about 170Wh/kg, and the theoretical energy density of ternary lithium forklift batteries is 300-350Wh/kg. At the same time, there are safety issues such as low thermal decomposition temperature and easy combustion and explosion, and the space for improving the energy density of the two is relatively small. However, the energy density improvement potential of all solid state lithium forklift batteries is significant and theoretically more feasible.

1. Potential technological advantages of solid-state lithium forklift batteries

The biggest feature of solid-state lithium forklift batteries compared to traditional lithium forklift batteries is that they use solid-state electrolyte materials. When the electrodes and electrolyte materials used are both solid and do not contain any liquid components, it is considered an all solid lithium-ion battery. Solid state electrolytes have changed the traditional structure of lithium forklift batteries, and separators, liquid electrolytes, and other components are no longer necessary, bringing enormous technological advantages and potential.

The important technological advantages of solid-state lithium forklift batteries are reflected in their high safety, absence of flammable, volatile, and toxic organic solvents, and absence of liquid leakage issues, which are expected to prevent the occurrence of lithium dendrites and significantly reduce the risk of battery combustion and explosion. Second, the cycle life is long, and there is no problem of solid electrolyte interface facial mask during the charging and discharging cycle of liquid electrolyte. At present, the expected life of research and development is 15000-20000 times. Thirdly, the energy density is high. In traditional lithium forklift batteries, the volume of separators and electrolytes accounts for 40%. Solid electrolytes can significantly reduce the distance between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, improve the volume specific energy, and estimate the maximum potential energy density of all solid lithium forklift batteries to reach 900Wh/kg. The fourth is that the system has a high specific energy density, and the solid-state electrolyte has no fluidity. It can be connected in series to form high-voltage monomers, which is conducive to improving the grouping efficiency and energy density of power lithium battery systems. The fifth is the wide selection range of positive and negative electrode materials, which can simultaneously use new technologies such as metal lithium negative electrode and high potential positive electrode materials. All solid state metal lithium forklift batteries are the research and development direction of future new batteries. In addition, solid-state batteries have a wide operating temperature range, electrochemical stability window, and the potential for thin-film and flexibility.

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