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The influence of temperature on the power consumption of fuel cell system can be seen by decomposing the power in different working conditions and temperatures. In the power consumption composition of the start-up process, the power consumption of - 7 ℃ is greater than that of 25 ℃ and 35 ℃. The increased power consumption mainly comes from the increased power consumption of air conditioning and air compressor. The increase in power consumption caused by cold start is far greater than that caused by hot start, which is mainly because hot start does not require so much power consumption for heating and air conditioning (after all, the temperature is high). In the composition of power consumption under operating conditions, it can be seen that both high temperature and low temperature will increase the power consumption of fuel cell vehicles to a certain extent. High temperature will lead to the reduction of DCDC efficiency and the increase of air compressor power consumption. In addition, the air conditioning in the vehicle will also cause additional energy consumption in high temperature. Taken together, the power consumption of fuel cell vehicles will become higher (in UDDS and US06). Although low temperature will not reduce the efficiency of DCDC, from the data point of view, it will increase the power consumption required for vehicle driving when the vehicle is running. In addition, the power consumption of the vehicle at low temperature will also be higher than that at normal temperature (25 ℃).

Comparison of efficiency and energy consumption with hybrid vehicles and fuel vehicles

As shown in the figure above, when Mirai is taken as the representative of fuel cell vehicles and compared with other types of vehicles, we can see the difference in efficiency of vehicles with different power systems (see the previous article, due to the reason of the vehicle efficiency calculation formula, the energy recovery is also included, so there will be more than 100% of pure electric vehicles). Compared with hybrid vehicles (45.7% on average at 25 ° C) and traditional vehicles (23.5% on average at 25 ° C), fuel cell vehicles have significant vehicle efficiency advantages (62.2% on average at 25 ° C, 45.7% for hybrid vehicles and 23.5% for gas vehicles). Mirai is a small battery-large stack fuel cell hybrid vehicle. Its vehicle system is basically the same as a pure battery vehicle (after all, it is an electric drive vehicle). Therefore, the efficiency of fuel cell vehicles is based on the efficiency of electric vehicles (that is, the fuel cell system is regarded as a battery for generating electricity). Therefore, compared with power cell vehicles, fuel cell vehicles will have lower vehicle efficiency. In addition, it is worth mentioning that although the efficiency of fuel cell vehicles is lower, the efficiency of fuel cell vehicles is not as sensitive to temperature conditions as that of power cell vehicles

According to the test results of fuel economy, Mirai's energy consumption level (2.044 MJ/mile) is far better than the Mazda 3 (3.996 MJ/mile) of fuel vehicles, slightly better than the hybrid Prius (2.102 MJ/mile), but lags behind the pure electric Prius (0.817 MJ/mile).

From this set of data, it can also be seen that Mirai, as a fuel cell vehicle benchmarking product, has a comprehensive hydrogen consumption level of about (how to calculate it is not explained in the text): urban road: 1.08kg/100km

High-speed: 1.02kg/100km Comprehensive: 1.05kg/100km

summary

1. Taking Mirai as a benchmark, the typical power consumption of fuel cell stack and system is about:

(See the previous text for power-efficiency curve)

2. When calculating the comprehensive efficiency under working conditions, the change of working conditions has little impact on the efficiency of the stack, but has a great impact on the efficiency of the system. The more intense the working conditions, the higher the vehicle speed, the lower the comprehensive efficiency of the system and the stack, and the greater the gap between the two.

3. For fuel cell vehicles, low temperature will mainly bring additional cold start power consumption and increase the energy consumption of air conditioning and vehicle operation. High temperature will mainly increase the power consumption of air compressor and DCDC, thus improving the power consumption of fuel cell vehicles and reducing efficiency.

4. The effect of temperature on the efficiency of fuel cell vehicles is not as serious as that of pure electric vehicles.

5. The energy consumption and vehicle efficiency of fuel cell vehicles are far better than that of hybrid vehicles and fuel vehicles, but worse than that of pure electric vehicles. (However, due to the limitations of the vehicle efficiency calculation formula, Xiaobian believes that this method has limitations for electric vehicles)

6. As a benchmark product, Mirai's comprehensive hydrogen consumption level is about 1.08kg/100km for urban roads

High speed: 1.02kg/100km Comprehensive: 1.05kg/100km

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