-What is the typical lifespan of an electric vehicle battery?

What is the typical lifespan of an electric vehicle battery?
author:enerbyte source:本站 click24 Release date: 2024-12-10 08:52:59
abstract:
The general service life of electric bicycles is 3-5 years, and the battery of electric bicycles needs to be replaced every 1-1.5 years.Electric vehicles generally use lead-acid batteries, with a daily usage of 70% of the battery capacity and a cycle of one year. After one year, it is not that the b...

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The general service life of electric bicycles is 3-5 years, and the battery of electric bicycles needs to be replaced every 1-1.5 years.
Electric vehicles generally use lead-acid batteries, with a daily usage of 70% of the battery capacity and a cycle of one year. After one year, it is not that the battery is no longer used, but rather that the battery capacity becomes smaller and smaller until it runs out.
If you want to increase the lifespan of electric vehicle batteries, you should pay attention to the following points when using them:
1. The smaller the discharge depth of the battery each time it is used, the longer the service life of the battery. Therefore, regardless of the capacity of the battery pack used, users should develop a good habit of charging as needed. Regularly charge the battery to keep it in a saturated state, avoid driving with people as much as possible, switch to pushing when encountering slopes, and try to avoid braking and starting too much while driving.
2. When the battery needs to be left for a long time, it must be fully charged and regularly replenished, usually once every 1-2 months.
3. High current discharge can cause certain damage to electric bicycle batteries, so please use pedals to assist during starting and uphill driving.
The general service life of electric bicycles is 3-5 years, and the battery of electric bicycles needs to be replaced every 1-1.5 years.
Electric vehicles generally use lead-acid batteries, which have the advantages of low cost, recyclability, etc., and are adopted by most electric vehicle manufacturers. Generally, electric vehicle batteries have a one-year warranty (and if there is a quality problem in the first 8 months of this year, the battery should be replaced with a new one, and the maintenance battery should be replaced within the next 4 months). Therefore, electric vehicle batteries are used at 70% of the daily battery capacity, with a cycle of one year. After one year, it is not that the battery is useless, but the battery capacity becomes smaller and smaller until it is exhausted! However, if you use it properly and charge it frequently, keep the battery in a saturated state. When using it, try not to drive with people as much as possible, switch to pushing when encountering slopes, and avoid braking and starting too much while driving. That is to say, if you use it according to the above points, the battery life will be greatly increased, which may be two years or even longer.
Maintenance methods
1. Do not replace the charger casually, and do not remove the speed limit of the controller.
Each manufacturer's charger generally has personalized needs, so do not replace the charger casually when unsure. If the extended mileage requirement is relatively long and multiple chargers must be equipped for long-distance charging, the charger that is replenished during the day will be used as a separate charger, while the original charger will be used at night. Removing the speed limit of the controller, although it can increase the speed of some cars, will not only reduce the safety of the car, but also decrease the service life of the battery.
2. Protect the charger properly.
Generally, there are instructions on protecting the charger in the user manual. Many users do not have the habit of reading the manual, often only thinking about looking for it after the problem, and it is often too late. Therefore, it is very necessary to read the manual first. In order to reduce costs, most chargers nowadays are not designed with high vibration resistance, so chargers are generally not placed in the trunk and basket of electric bicycles. Under special circumstances, the charger must be moved and packed with foam plastic to prevent vibration. After vibration, many chargers have their internal potentiometers drift, causing the entire parameter to drift and resulting in abnormal charging status. Another thing to note is to keep the charger ventilated during charging, otherwise it may not only affect the lifespan of the charger, but also cause thermal drift and affect the charging status. This will cause damage to the battery. So, protecting the charger is also very important.
3. Charge every day.
Even if your endurance requirement is not long and can last for 2 to 3 days on a single charge, it is still recommended to charge the battery every day to keep it in a shallow cycling state and extend its lifespan. Some early mobile phone users believed that it was best to charge batteries after they had been used up, but this view is incorrect. The memory benefits of lead-acid batteries are not as strong. Frequently discharging the battery has a significant impact on its lifespan. Most chargers may have a battery charge of 97% to 99% after the indicator light changes to indicate full charge. Although only 1% to 3% of the battery is undercharged, the impact on its ability to continue driving can be almost negligible, but it can also lead to undercharging accumulation. Therefore, after the battery is fully charged and turns into a light, it is still advisable to continue float charging as much as possible, which is also beneficial for suppressing battery vulcanization.
4. Charge in a timely manner.
After the battery is discharged, the sulfurization process begins, and significant sulfurization begins at 12 hours. Timely charging can remove mild sulfurization. If not charged in time, these sulfurization crystals will accumulate and gradually form coarse crystals. General chargers are powerless against these coarse crystals, which will gradually lead to a decrease in battery capacity and shorten the battery's service life. So, in addition to charging every day, it is also important to pay attention to early charging after use to keep the battery fully charged as much as possible.
5. Regular deep discharge.
Regular deep discharge of the battery is also beneficial for "activating" the battery, which can slightly increase its capacity. The general method is to regularly discharge the battery completely. The method of complete discharge is to ride a bike on a flat road under normal load conditions until the first undervoltage protection. Note that we emphasize the first undervoltage protection. After the first undervoltage protection, the voltage of the battery will continue to rise and return to a non undervoltage state after a period of time. If the battery is used again at this time, it will cause significant damage to the battery. After complete discharge, fully charge the battery. You will feel an increase in battery capacity.
6. Develop some good energy-saving habits.
Make the most of gliding as much as possible. When going downhill, try to slow down by cutting off power in advance as much as possible. Enter the taxi ahead of time when encountering traffic lights to minimize braking. A friend told me that he would rather turn the bay one more time than brake less, and that makes sense.
When starting, it is best to add cycling assistance, which can not only improve the starting speed, but also reduce battery power loss and lifespan damage.
7. Pay attention to the charging environment.
The optimal ambient temperature for charging is 25 ℃. Most chargers nowadays do not have an automatic control system that adapts to the ambient temperature, so most chargers are designed for an ambient temperature of 25 ℃, so charging at 25 ℃ is better. Otherwise, it is inevitable that there will be problems of undercharging in winter and overcharging in summer. When the ambient temperature is really low at 25 ℃, there will inevitably be a problem of overcharging in summer and undercharging in winter. Fortunately, most households now have indoor temperature control conditions. Therefore, when charging, it is best to arrange the battery and charger in a ventilated and temperature controlled environment.
A special reminder is that when the battery enters a warm indoor environment at low temperatures outdoors during the northern winter, frost and condensation may appear on the surface of the battery. To avoid battery leakage caused by frost and condensation, charging should be carried out after the battery temperature has risen to near the indoor temperature and dried.
Through these methods, users can greatly extend the lifespan of the battery. Some users have shorter driving ranges, longer battery life, and some issues are relatively difficult to detect. So, the "deep discharge" measures mentioned in Article 4 are also an effective way to detect battery problems in a timely manner. Don't wait until the battery problem becomes serious and difficult to deal with.
Avoid storing at low power levels
Low battery state refers to the situation where the battery is not charged in a timely manner after use, which can lead to sulfation and lead sulfate crystals adhering to the electrode plates, blocking the ion channels and causing insufficient charging, resulting in a decrease in battery capacity. The longer the idle time in a low battery state, the more severe the battery damage. When the battery is idle, it should be charged once a month to maintain its health.
Do not discharge high current
When starting, carrying passengers, or going uphill on an electric vehicle, please use pedals to assist and try to avoid sudden high current discharge.
Master the charging time
Generally, batteries are charged at night, with an average charging time of around 8 hours. If the discharge is shallow (with a short driving range after charging), the battery will quickly become fully charged, and continuing to charge will result in overcharging. Therefore, it is best to charge the battery once when the discharge depth is 60% -70%.
Prevent high temperature exposure to direct sunlight
An environment with excessively high temperature can increase the internal pressure of the battery, forcing the battery pressure limiting valve to automatically open. The direct consequence is an increase in the battery's water loss, and excessive water loss of the battery will inevitably lead to a decrease in battery activity, accelerated plate softening, heating of the shell during charging, and fatal damage such as shell bulging and deformation.

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