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With the continuous improvement of industrial automation level, the application of Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) and Rail Guided Vehicles (RGVs) in modern manufacturing is becoming increasingly widespread. As the core power source of these intelligent vehicles, the performance of lithium batteries directly affects the operational efficiency and reliability of the vehicles. This article will be detailed

Introduce the production process of AGV/RGV lithium batteries.

1. Raw material preparation

The main raw materials for lithium batteries include positive electrode materials, negative electrode materials, separators, electrolytes, and shell materials. Before production begins, strict inspection and screening of these raw materials are required to ensure their quality and performance meet production requirements.

1.1 Positive electrode material

The positive electrode material is usually composed of lithium metal oxides, such as lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) or lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NMC). These materials have high energy density and good cycling stability.

1.2 Negative electrode material

The negative electrode material is mainly composed of graphite or other carbon based materials, which can effectively embed and deintercalate lithium ions, ensuring the charging and discharging efficiency of the battery.

1.3 Diaphragm

A diaphragm is a microporous film used to isolate positive and negative electrodes while allowing lithium ions to pass through. It is usually made of polyethylene or polypropylene.

1.4 Electrolyte

Electrolyte is a medium for lithium ions to move between positive and negative electrodes, usually composed of a mixture of organic solvents and lithium salts.

1.5 Shell Material

The shell material needs to have good mechanical strength and chemical stability, and commonly used materials include steel, aluminum alloy, or plastic.

2. Manufacturing of battery cells

2.1 Preparation of Positive and Negative Electrodes

Firstly, mix the positive and negative electrode materials with conductive agents and binders respectively to form a slurry. Then, the slurry is coated onto metal foil (usually aluminum foil and copper foil), and subjected to drying, rolling, and other processes to form positive and negative electrode sheets.

2.2 Diaphragm assembly

Insert a separator between the positive and negative electrodes to ensure safe isolation inside the battery.

2.3 Winding or Stacking

Wrap the positive and negative electrode plates and separator in a certain order to form a battery cell or stack them into a layered structure.

2.4 Packaging

Place the wound or stacked battery cells into the casing, inject electrolyte, and then seal them to form a battery cell.

3. Battery assembly

3.1 Single cell battery testing

Conduct charge and discharge tests on individual batteries to select batteries with qualified performance.

3.2 Battery module assembly

Connect multiple individual batteries through busbars or wires to form a battery module. During this process, a protective board needs to be installed to achieve protection functions such as overcharging, overdischarging, and short circuit.

3.3 Integration of Battery Management System (BMS)

Integrate the battery management system into the battery module to achieve real-time monitoring and management of battery status.

3.4 Battery Pack Testing

Conduct comprehensive testing on the assembled battery pack, including performance testing, safety testing, etc., to ensure the reliability and safety of the battery pack.

4. Finished product inspection and packaging

4.1 Finished product inspection

Conduct final quality inspection on finished batteries, including visual inspection, capacity testing, cycle life testing, etc.

4.2 Packaging

The batteries that have passed the inspection will be properly packaged for transportation and storage. Packaging materials should have characteristics such as shock resistance, waterproofing, and moisture resistance.

5. Shipment

AGV/RGV lithium batteries that have undergone strict inspection will be packed and sent to the customer's designated location for use.

Summary: The production of AGV/RGV lithium batteries is a complex and intricate process involving multiple key steps and technologies. Each step requires precise control to ensure the performance and safety of the final product. With the continuous advancement of technology and the growth of market demand, the production process of lithium batteries is also constantly improving to meet higher standard application requirements.

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