What are the characteristics of lead-acid batteries and their advantages and disadvantages?

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author：enerbyte source：本站 click37 Release date： 2024-09-02 13:17:54

abstract：

advantage:1. Long lifespan2. Low price3 can discharge high currentDisadvantages:Lead pollution2. Low energy density, which means it is bulkyAdvantages and disadvantages of lithium-ion and lead-acid batteries for electric vehicles1、 Ultra long lifespanThe cycle life of lead-acid batteries is around...

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advantage:

1. Long lifespan

2. Low price

3 can discharge high current

Disadvantages:

Lead pollution

2. Low energy density, which means it is bulky

Advantages and disadvantages of lithium-ion and lead-acid batteries for electric vehicles

1、 Ultra long lifespan

The cycle life of lead-acid batteries is around 200 times, with a maximum of only 300 times. And the cycle life of lithium-ion batteries can reach over 300 times, with a maximum of 500 times or even over 1000 times using standard charging (5-hour rate). Lead acid batteries can last up to 1-1.5 years, while lithium-ion batteries can last up to 3 years under the same conditions.

2、 Safe to use, good performance

Lithium ion batteries completely solve the safety hazards of lead-acid batteries. Lead acid batteries can explode under strong collisions, posing a threat to consumer safety. Lithium ion batteries undergo strict safety testing and do not produce explosions.

2、 No memory effect

When a rechargeable battery operates under constant conditions of being fully charged but not fully discharged, its capacity will quickly drop below the rated capacity value, a phenomenon known as the memory effect. However, lithium-ion batteries do not have this phenomenon. Regardless of the state of the battery, it can be charged and used as needed, without the need to discharge it before charging.

4、 Small size, light weight, long duration

The volume of lithium-ion batteries with the same specifications and capacity is 2/3 of the volume of lead-acid batteries, and the weight is 1/3 of lead-acid batteries

5、 Expensive

Electric vehicles with lithium-ion batteries are twice as expensive as those with lead-acid batteries.

6、 Green and environmentally friendly

Lead acid batteries in electric vehicles contain a large amount of lead, which can cause pollution to the environment if not properly disposed of after disposal. However, lithium materials have no toxic or harmful substances and are considered green and environmentally friendly batteries by the world. This battery is pollution-free in both production and use, and has become a hot research topic of widespread concern.

Lithium ion battery Lead acid battery

1. Rechargeable battery (alkaline battery - lead-acid battery)

2. Cycle life (1200-2000-500-900 cycles)

3. Specific energy (150W · h/kg -40W · h/kg)

4. Charging time (2-4 hours - fast charging 3-6 hours (fast charging technology is not yet mature), slow charging over 8 hours)

5. Charging and discharging energy efficiency (the charging and discharging energy conversion efficiency of lithium-ion batteries can be greater than 97% - the charging and discharging energy conversion efficiency of lead-acid batteries is about 80%)

6. Price (higher 24V/10Ah price: 750-1200 yuan - lower 24V/12Ah price: 200-300 yuan)

7. Volume (the volume of a small lithium-ion battery is 2/3 of the volume of a lead-acid battery - the volume is large)

8. Weight (light weight only 1/3 to 1/4 of lead-acid batteries - heavy weight)

9. Range (Power - Environmental Protection)

10. There is no pollution during production and use (there is pollution during production - lead-acid batteries contain a large amount of lead, which can cause environmental pollution if not handled properly after disposal).

11. Lithium ion batteries (charged in a constant current and constant voltage manner - lithium batteries are susceptible to damage from overcharging, deep discharge, and short circuits)

12. Charging and maintenance (complex, high maintenance cost - simple, low maintenance cost provides open circuit)

13. Power supply (provides small open circuit power supply and multiple series connections - provides large open circuit power supply)

Lithium batteries "are a type of battery that uses lithium metal or lithium alloy as the negative electrode material and a non-aqueous electrolyte solution. The lithium metal battery was first developed by Gilbert N. in 1912 Lewis proposed and studied it. In the 1970s, M.S. Whittingham proposed and began researching lithium-ion batteries. Due to the highly reactive chemical properties of lithium metal, its processing, storage, and use require very high environmental standards. So, lithium batteries have not been applied for a long time. With the development of science and technology, lithium batteries have now become mainstream.

Lithium batteries can be roughly divided into two categories: lithium metal batteries and lithium-ion batteries. Lithium ion batteries do not contain metallic lithium and are rechargeable. The fifth generation product of rechargeable batteries, lithium metal batteries, was born in 1996. Its safety, specific capacity, self discharge rate, and cost-effectiveness are all superior to lithium-ion batteries. Due to its own high-tech requirements, only a few companies from countries are currently producing this type of lithium metal battery.