Keyword search: battery plant ,  lithium battery factory ,  power bank works ,  lifepo4 battery mill ,  Pallet Trucks LiFePO4 Battery,  LiFePO4 Pallet Trucks Battery,  Lithium Pallet Trucks Battery, 

At present, the main popular lithium batteries in the market are lithium iron phosphate batteries and ternary lithium batteries. In this situation, which is better, ternary lithium batteries or lithium iron phosphate batteries? This is a question that many friends who have a demand for batteries need to understand. Let's take a look at which one is better.

1. In terms of the richness of raw materials, lithium iron phosphate batteries are more abundant than ternary lithium batteries (containing cobalt, which is a precious and rare mineral city);

2. In terms of manufacturing cost, lithium iron phosphate batteries are cheaper than ternary lithium batteries and more suitable for the demands of the mid to low end market;

3. Ternary lithium batteries have higher energy density than lithium iron phosphate batteries, and with the same battery space, ternary lithium batteries have a larger capacity;

4. In terms of environmental temperature adaptation and stability, lithium iron phosphate batteries outperform ternary polymer lithium batteries. It can be seen that both types of batteries have their own advantages, which depend on the specific usage environment of the product.

5. In terms of service life, the theoretical value of lithium iron phosphate batteries is longer than that of ternary lithium batteries;

6. In terms of high temperature resistance, the electric heating peak of lithium iron phosphate can reach 350 ℃ -500 ℃, while lithium manganese oxide and lithium cobalt oxide are only around 200 ℃;

7. In terms of low-temperature performance, ternary lithium batteries are better than lithium iron phosphate batteries;

Lithium iron phosphate battery

1、 Lithium iron phosphate battery

Lithium iron phosphate battery: The raw materials phosphorus and iron are abundant in resources on Earth, and the supply channels are limited. Moderate voltage (3.2V), large capacity per unit weight (170mAh/g), high discharge power, fast charging, and long cycle life. Its stability in high temperature and high heat environments is higher than other types of batteries.

Advantages of lithium iron phosphate batteries: Compared to the commonly used ternary lithium cobalt oxide and lithium manganese oxide batteries on the market, lithium iron phosphate batteries have at least the following five major advantages: higher safety, longer service life, absence of rare metals and heavily polluted heavy metals, support for fast charging, and wide operating temperature range.

1. Ultra long lifespan, the cycle life of long-life lead-acid batteries is around 300 times, with a maximum of only 500 times. Some domestically produced lithium iron phosphate power batteries have a cycle life of over 2000 times, and can be used up to 2000 times under standard charging (s hour rate). Lead acid batteries of the same quality can last for up to 1-15 years, including six months of new use, six months of old use, and another six months of maintenance and upkeep. On the other hand, lithium iron phosphate batteries can last for up to 18 years under the same conditions. Taking all factors into consideration, the cost performance ratio will be more than times that of lead-acid batteries.

2. Safe to use, lithium iron phosphate completely solves the safety hazards of lithium cobalt oxide and lithium manganese oxide.

3. It can quickly charge and discharge high current AC, and with a dedicated charger, the battery can be fully charged within 0 minutes after charging at 15A. The starting current can reach C. However, lead-acid batteries currently do not have this performance.

4. High temperature resistance, lithium iron phosphate has an electric heating peak of 350 ℃ -500 ℃, while lithium manganese oxide and lithium cobalt oxide are only around 200 ℃.

5. Large capacity.

6. No memory effect.

7. Green and environmentally friendly.

Disadvantages of lithium iron phosphate batteries: Lithium iron phosphate has the disadvantage of low tap density and compaction density, which leads to poor energy density of lithium-ion batteries; The preparation cost of materials is relatively high compared to the manufacturing cost of batteries, resulting in low battery yield.

1. During the sintering process of lithium iron phosphate preparation, there is a possibility that iron oxide may be reduced to elemental iron under a high-temperature reducing atmosphere. Elemental iron can cause micro short circuits in batteries and is the most taboo substance in batteries. This is also the main reason why Japan has not used this material as a positive electrode material for power lithium-ion batteries.

2. Lithium iron phosphate has some performance defects, such as low tap density and compaction density, resulting in low energy density of lithium-ion batteries. The low-temperature performance is poor, and even if it is nanosized and carbon coated, this problem cannot be solved. Dr. Don Hillebrand, Director of the Energy Storage Systems Center at Argonne National Laboratory in the United States, described the low-temperature performance of lithium iron phosphate batteries as' terrible '. Their test results on lithium iron phosphate lithium-ion batteries showed that they cannot drive electric vehicles at low temperatures (below 0 ℃). Although some manufacturers claim that lithium iron phosphate batteries have good capacity retention at low temperatures, this is only true when the discharge current is small and the discharge cut-off voltage is very low. In this situation, the device simply cannot start working.

3. The preparation cost of materials is relatively high compared to the manufacturing cost of batteries, resulting in low battery yield and poor consistency. Although the nanoization and carbon coating of lithium iron phosphate have improved the electrochemical performance of the material, they have also brought about other problems such as a decrease in energy density, an increase in synthesis costs, poor electrode processing performance, and strict environmental requirements. Although the chemical elements Li, Fe, and P in lithium iron phosphate are abundant and the cost is relatively low, the cost of producing lithium iron phosphate products is not low. Even if the early research and development costs are removed, the process cost of this material, combined with the high cost of preparing batteries, will result in a higher cost per unit of energy storage capacity.

4. Poor product consistency. At present, there is no domestic lithium iron phosphate material factory that can solve this problem. From the perspective of material preparation, the synthesis reaction of lithium iron phosphate is a complex multiphase reaction, which includes solid-phase phosphate, iron oxide, lithium salt, precursor of carbon, and reducing gas phase. It is difficult to ensure consistency in this complex reaction process.

5. Intellectual property issues. At present, the basic patent for lithium iron phosphate is owned by the University of Texas in the United States, while the carbon coating patent has been applied for by Canadians. These two fundamental patents cannot be bypassed, and if patent usage fees are included in the cost, the product cost will further increase.

2、 Ternary lithium battery

Ternary polymer lithium battery: A lithium battery using nickel cobalt manganese oxide lithium (Li (NiCoMn) O2) ternary positive electrode material, specifically referring to a "ternary power battery" with a ternary positive electrode and graphite negative electrode. The other type of positive electrode is ternary and the negative electrode is lithium titanate, which is usually referred to as "lithium titanate" and does not belong to the commonly referred to "ternary materials"

1. Advantages of ternary lithium batteries:

Ternary lithium batteries have high energy density and better cycling performance than normal lithium batteries. At present, with the continuous improvement of the formula and the refinement of the structure, the nominal voltage of the battery has reached 3.7V, and its capacity has reached or exceeded the level of lithium cobalt oxide batteries.

The LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 positive electrode material has a single layered rock salt structure based on the hexagonal system, similar to LiCoO2, with a spatial point group of R3m. Lithium ions occupy the 3a position of the rock salt structure (111), transition metal ions occupy the 3b position, and oxygen ions occupy the 6c position. Each transition metal atom is surrounded by 6 oxygen atoms to form an MO6 octahedral structure, while lithium ions are embedded in the Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O layer formed by the transition metal atoms and oxygen. Because the radius of divalent nickel ions (0.069nm) and the radius of lithium ions (0.076nm)

Due to their proximity, a small amount of nickel ions may occupy the 3a site, leading to the occurrence of mixed cation occupancy, which deteriorates the electrochemical performance of the material. Usually in XRD, the intensity ratio of the (003)/(104) peaks and the degree of splitting of the (006)/(012) and (018)/(110) peaks are used as indicators of cation mixing occupancy. In general, the intensity ratio of peaks (003)/(104) is higher than 1.2, and (006)/

When the peaks of (012) and (018)/(110) show obvious splitting, the layered structure is distinct, and the electrochemical performance of the material is excellent. The unit cell parameters of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 are a=2.8622A and c=14.2278A. Nickel, cobalt, and manganese exist in the lattice at+2,+3, and+4 valences, respectively, while a small amount of Ni3+and Mn3+also exist. During the charge discharge process, in addition to the electron transfer of Co3+/4+, there is also electron transfer of Ni2+/3+and Ni3+, which makes the material have a higher specific capacity. Mn4+only serves as a structural substance and does not participate in redox reactions. Koyama et al. proposed two models to describe the crystal structure of LiNi1SCou3Mnm3O2, which have

The complex model of the [v3xV3] R30 ° superstructure [Ninaco1sMn1] layer, with a unit cell parameter of a=4.904

A. C=13.884A. A simple model with a lattice formation energy of -0.17eV and ordered stacking of CoO2, NiO2, and MnO2 layers, and a lattice formation energy of+0.06eV. Therefore, under appropriate synthesis conditions, it is entirely possible to form the first model, which can minimize the volume change of the lattice during charge and discharge processes, reduce energy, and maintain lattice stability.

Electrochemical properties and thermal stability of ternary material LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2

LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2, as a positive electrode material for lithium-ion batteries, has high lithium ion diffusion ability with a theoretical capacity of 278mAh/g. During charging, there are two platforms between 3.6V and 4.6V, one at around 3.8V and the other at around 4.5V, mainly attributed to the two pairs of Ni2+/Ni4+and Co3+/Co4+, and the capacity can reach 250mAh/s, which is 91% of the theoretical capacity. Within the voltage range of 2.3V~4.6V, the discharge specific capacity is 190mAh/g. After 100 cycles, the reversible specific capacity is even greater than 190mAh/g. Between 2.8V and 4.3V

Electrical performance tests were conducted within the potential ranges of 2.8V~4.4V and 2.8V~4.5V, with discharge specific capacities of 159

MAh/g, 168mAh/g, and 177mAh/g were tested at different temperatures (55 ℃, 75 ℃, 95 ℃) and discharge rates. The structural changes of the materials were minimal, indicating good stability and high temperature performance. However, the low-temperature performance needs improvement.

The safety of lithium-ion batteries has always been an important measure of commercialization, and the thermal effect between the positive electrode material and the electrolyte in the charging state is the key to whether the positive electrode material is suitable for lithium-ion batteries.

The DSC test results showed that no peak was found in LiNi1gCo1gMn1/3O2 after charging at 250-350 ℃, while LiCoO2 had two exothermic peaks at 160 ℃ and 210 ℃, and LiNiO2 had one exothermic peak at 210 ℃. Ternary materials also undergo some exothermic and endothermic reactions within this temperature range, but the reactions are much milder.

2. Disadvantages of ternary lithium batteries:

The ternary material power lithium batteries mainly include nickel diamond lithium aluminate batteries, nickel diamond lithium manganese oxide batteries, etc. The high-temperature structure is unstable, resulting in poor high-temperature safety, and the high pH value can easily cause single cell swelling, leading to failures. Under current conditions, the cost is also not low.

Lithium Batteries ,Ensure Quality

Our lithium battery production line has a complete and scientific quality management system

Ensure the product quality of lithium batteries

Years of experience in producing lithium batteries

Focus on the production of lithium batteries

WE PROMISE TO MAKE EVERY LITHIUM BATTERY WELL

We have a comprehensive explanation of lithium batteries

QUALIFICATION CERTIFICATE

THE QUALITY OF COMPLIANCE PROVIDES GUARANTEE FOR CUSTOMERS

MULTIPLE QUALIFICATION CERTIFICATES TO ENSURE STABLE PRODUCT QUALITY

Providing customers with professional and assured products is the guarantee of our continuous progress.

Applicable brands of our products