-Which is better, polymer lithium battery or lithium battery

Which is better, polymer lithium battery or lithium battery
author:enerbyte source:本站 click70 Release date: 2024-08-16 14:48:11
abstract:
Lithium polymer batteries refer to all solid state or gel type lithium ion batteries. Aluminum plastic composite film is generally used as packaging material. There are currently only two real lithium polymer batteries in the world. One is SONY from Japan, and the other is ATL from ChinaLithium batt...

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Lithium polymer batteries refer to all solid state or gel type lithium ion batteries. Aluminum plastic composite film is generally used as packaging material. There are currently only two real lithium polymer batteries in the world. One is SONY from Japan, and the other is ATL from China

Lithium batteries generally refer to aluminum shell batteries, with liquid electrolyte and aluminum shell as the outer packaging material

Lithium polymer batteries are safer than lithium batteries. Lithium polymer batteries are upgraded products of lithium-ion batteries. Compared to the currently popular lithium-ion batteries, it has advantages such as large capacity, small size (thin), and safety (non explosive). However, due to the time required for the entire industry chain to be replaced, its cost is still relatively high, and it is only used in high-end digital products such as ultra-thin laptops.

It can be foreseen that in the next 5-10 years, lithium polymer batteries will inevitably replace existing lithium-ion batteries! In fact, the penetration rate of lithium polymer batteries in countries such as Japan and South Korea, which are relatively developed in the electronic product industry, has reached a certain level. However, China is still relatively backward in this regard. Let's wait and see! In the not too distant future, smartphones with lithium polymer batteries will become cheaper. I must replace them with a safer phone (battery)!

Lithium polymer battery (also known as polymer lithium battery): It has various obvious advantages such as high energy density, miniaturization, ultra-thin, lightweight, high safety, and low cost, and is a new type of battery. In terms of shape, lithium polymer batteries have ultra-thin characteristics and can be made into batteries of any shape and capacity to meet the needs of various products. The minimum thickness that this type of battery can achieve can reach 0.5mm. Compared to lithium-ion batteries, the characteristics of lithium polymer batteries are as follows:

1. There is no battery leakage problem, and the battery does not contain liquid electrolyte inside, using colloidal solids.

2. Can be made into thin batteries: with a capacity of 3.6V 400mAh, its thickness can be as thin as 0.5mm.

3. Batteries can be designed in various shapes.

4. The battery can bend and deform: Polymer batteries can bend up to about 90 degrees.

5. Can be made into a single high-voltage battery: Liquid electrolyte batteries can only achieve high voltage by connecting several batteries in series, while polymer batteries, due to their lack of liquid, can be made into multi-layer combinations within a single battery to achieve high voltage.

6. The capacity will be twice as high as lithium-ion batteries of the same size.

Lithium polymer battery (also known as polymer lithium battery): Compared to previous batteries, it has high energy, miniaturization, and lightweight, and is a type of battery with chemical properties.

Lithium polymer batteries have ultra-thin characteristics in terms of shape, and can be made into batteries of different shapes and capacities to meet the needs of some products. The theoretical minimum thickness of this type of battery can reach 0.5mm.

The three essential elements of a typical battery are the positive electrode, negative electrode, and electrolyte. The so-called lithium polymer battery refers to a battery system that uses polymer materials in at least one or more of the three elements. In lithium polymer battery systems, most polymer materials are used for the positive electrode and electrolyte. The positive electrode material uses conductive polymer or inorganic compounds commonly used in lithium-ion batteries, while the negative electrode often uses lithium metal or lithium carbon interlayer compounds. The electrolyte is a solid or colloidal polymer electrolyte, or organic electrolyte. Due to the absence of excess electrolyte in lithium polymer, it is more reliable and stable.

Batteries mainly use lithium as the other pole, and this type of battery generally uses liquid electrolyte. Nowadays, it is mainly based on LiPF6 and LiClO4 dissolved in DMC: EC (v: v=1:1) electrolyte, and some have been modified, but they are still liquid batteries. From the perspective of the internal materials of the polymer lithium battery, the main internal electrolyte is polymer, which is generally gel electrolyte and solid electrolyte. If you remember correctly, Koreans have published a gel battery with PEO ionic liquid as electrolyte, and do not know whether such a battery is used on the Galaxy Round or LGGFlex. Of course, there are also lithium batteries with high conductivity ceramic electrolytes such as LiPON, NASICON, perovskite, and LiSICON, or glass electrolytes composed of amorphous materials. If classified, they may be classified as lithium secondary batteries, but this is already an extension of the concept. Secondly, there are some slight differences in the packaging of lithium polymer batteries. Lithium batteries are generally packaged in steel shells (18650 or button type 2320), while lithium polymer batteries are packaged in aluminum-plastic packaging film, known as soft pack batteries.

Lithium batteries usually include metal lithium batteries (such as button batteries) and lithium ion batteries (commonly referred to as lithium batteries). Lithium ion batteries include liquid lithium ion batteries (commonly referred to as lithium ion batteries) and polymer lithium ion batteries. The typical characteristics of various lithium batteries are metal lithium batteries: lithium exists in the battery in the form of metal lithium batteries: lithium exists in the battery in the form of lithium ions (usually lithium salts) Liquid lithium batteries: electrolyte is liquid polymer lithium (ion) batteries: electrolyte is gelled or solid because the packaging materials used for polymer lithium ion batteries are basically aluminum plastic films (soft bags), and the packaging materials used for liquid lithium ion batteries are metal steel shells or aluminum shells. So there is currently a misconception in the market that soft packaged lithium batteries are polymer lithium batteries. In fact, most domestic manufacturers still use liquid electrolytes for soft packaged batteries, which do not belong to polymer lithium batteries. There are not many manufacturers who actually make polymer lithium batteries.

In practical use, there is no difference between the three, and the difference in battery voltage is not significant and can be directly replaced. However, academically, there is indeed a difference. The earliest lithium batteries used lithium as the negative electrode of the battery, which appeared relatively early and is still in use today. Lithium thionyl chloride batteries are a representative example, but they are only primary batteries and cannot be charged or discharged. Lithium ion batteries were commercialized around the late 1990s, with the positive electrode being oxide and the negative electrode being carbon. Polymer batteries can be seen as an upgraded version of lithium batteries, but the previous electrolyte has been replaced with polymer electrolytes. Another upgrade is that the battery shell material has been changed from metal to plastic, which has the advantage of reducing the weight of the battery itself and improving the weight to energy ratio of the battery. In fact, all three types of batteries can be called lithium-ion batteries because lithium ions migrate back and forth between the positive and negative electrodes during the charging and discharging process. However, using lithium metal as a motor is more dangerous and prone to accidents. Therefore, secondary batteries no longer use lithium as the electrode directly, and the cost of polymers is relatively high. One of my classmates told me that many so-called polymer batteries nowadays are soft packaged, but the materials are still traditional materials used in lithium-ion batteries.

The concept of lithium batteries includes "lithium-ion batteries" and "lithium polymer batteries". Lithium ion batteries are divided into liquid electrolyte lithium-ion batteries and polymer electrolyte lithium-ion batteries based on the ambient temperature state of the electrolyte chamber. Polymer battery means that the electrolyte is solid or gelled, which is "more advanced" than the liquid electrolyte used in ordinary lithium ion batteries. In production, liquid electrolyte is injected into the liquid electrolyte after the core is rolled into the shell; while polymer battery is coated on the positive and negative electrode carrier or after the film is coated before packaging with aluminum plastic, before the positive and negative electrode lamination, and injected into the liquid electrolyte at a temperature slightly higher than the room temperature. After the room temperature, the electrolyte becomes gelled (polymer state).

Lithium polymer batteries use file alloy as the positive electrode, polymer conductive materials such as polyacetylene, polyaniline, or poly (p-phenylene) as the negative electrode, and organic solvents as the electrolyte. The specific energy of lithium polyaniline batteries can reach 350W.h/kg, but the specific power is only 50-60W/kg, the operating temperature is -40-70 degrees, and the lifespan is about 330 times.

Compared to lithium-ion batteries, the characteristics of lithium polymer batteries are as follows:

1. Relatively speaking, the problem of battery leakage has been improved, but it has not been completely resolved.

2. Can be made into thin batteries: with a capacity of 3.6V250mAh, its thickness can be as thin as 0.5mm.

3. Batteries can be designed in various shapes.

4. Can be made into a single high-voltage battery: Liquid electrolyte batteries can only achieve high voltage by connecting several batteries in series, while polymer batteries, due to their lack of liquid, can be made into multi-layer combinations within a single battery to achieve high voltage.

5. The discharge capacity is theoretically 10% higher than that of a lithium-ion battery of the same size.

Lithium polymer batteries (also known as polymer lithium-ion batteries) have various advantages such as high specific energy, miniaturization, ultra-thin, lightweight, and high safety. Based on these advantages, lithium polymer batteries can be made into batteries of any shape and capacity, thereby meeting the needs of various products; And it adopts aluminum-plastic packaging, and any internal problems can be immediately reflected through the outer packaging. Even if there are safety hazards, it will not explode, only swell. In polymer batteries, electrolytes play a dual role as separators and electrolytes: on the one hand, they act as separators to separate the positive and negative electrode materials, preventing self discharge and short circuits inside the battery, and on the other hand, they conduct lithium ions between the positive and negative electrodes like electrolytes. Polymer electrolytes not only have good conductivity, but also possess the unique characteristics of lightweight, good elasticity, and easy film formation of polymer materials, which also conform to the development trend of lightweight, safe, efficient, and environmentally friendly chemical power sources.


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