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Battery knowledge: Comparison of advantages and disadvantages between lead-acid batteries and lithium iron phosphate batteries. In the field of batteries, the main two technological disputes are lead-acid batteries and lithium batteries. The lithium battery industry is developing rapidly and is being applied in an increasingly wide range of fields. Traditional lead-acid batteries have gradually been replaced by new performance lithium batteries. What are the advantages and disadvantages of lithium batteries and lead-acid batteries? Follow the editor to finish reading this article together.

Advantages and disadvantages of lead-acid batteries:

Advantages: Stable voltage, affordable price, simple maintenance, stable quality, high reliability.

Disadvantages: low specific energy, short service life, frequent daily maintenance.

Advantages of lithium iron phosphate batteries:

Lithium batteries have strong adaptability to high and low temperatures and can be used in environments ranging from -20 ℃ to 60 ℃. After processing, they can be used in environments ranging from -45 ℃;

Lithium iron phosphate batteries have a long lifespan, with a cycle life of over 2000 times. Under the same conditions, lithium iron phosphate batteries can be used for 7 to 8 years;

Fast charging. Using a dedicated charger, the battery can be fully charged after 40 minutes of charging at 1.5C;

Use safely. Lithium iron phosphate batteries undergo strict safety testing and will not explode even in traffic accidents;

Lithium iron phosphate batteries are environmentally friendly, non-toxic, pollution-free, with a wide range of raw material sources and affordable prices.

Disadvantages of lithium iron phosphate batteries:

The tap density of the positive electrode of lithium iron phosphate batteries is small, generally around 0.8 to 1.3. Large volume.

2. Poor conductivity, slow lithium ion diffusion rate, and low actual specific capacity during high magnification charging and discharging.

The low-temperature performance of lithium iron phosphate batteries is poor.

The lifespan of a single lithium iron phosphate battery is long, around 2000 cycles, but the lifespan of a lithium iron phosphate battery pack is short, generally around 500 cycles.

Comparison of advantages and disadvantages between lead-acid batteries and lithium batteries:

1、 Ultra long lifespan

The cycle life of lead-acid batteries is around 200 times, with a maximum of only 300 times. And the cycle life of lithium iron phosphate batteries can reach over 300 times, with a maximum of 500 times or even over 1000 times using standard charging (5-hour rate). Lead acid batteries can last up to 1-1.5 years, while lithium batteries can last up to 3 years under the same conditions.

2、 Safe to use, good performance

Lithium batteries completely solve the safety hazards of lead-acid batteries. Lead acid batteries can explode under strong collisions, posing a threat to consumer safety. Lithium ion batteries undergo strict safety testing and do not produce explosions.

2、 No memory effect

When a rechargeable battery operates under constant conditions of being fully charged but not fully discharged, its capacity will quickly drop below the rated capacity value, a phenomenon known as the memory effect. However, iron phosphate batteries do not have this phenomenon. Regardless of the state of the battery, it can be charged and used as needed, without the need to discharge it before charging.

4、 Small size, light weight, long duration

The volume of a lithium iron phosphate battery with the same specification capacity is 2/3 of the volume of a lead-acid battery, and its weight is 1/3 of that of a lead-acid battery

5、 Expensive

Electric vehicles with lithium-ion batteries are twice as expensive as those with lead-acid batteries.

6、 Green and environmentally friendly

Lead acid batteries in electric vehicles contain a large amount of lead, which can cause environmental pollution if not properly disposed of after disposal. However, lithium batteries are made of materials without any toxic or harmful substances, and are considered green and environmentally friendly batteries by the world. This battery is pollution-free in both production and use, and has become a hot research topic of widespread concern.

The difference between lithium batteries and lead-acid batteries:

1. Different nominal voltages: 2.0V for single lead-acid batteries and 3.6V for single lithium batteries;

2. Different energy densities: lead-acid battery 30WH/KG, lithium battery 110WH/KG;

3. The cycle life is different. Lead acid batteries have an average of 300-500 cycles, while lithium batteries have over a thousand cycles. From the perspective of the two mainstream technology routes for lithium-ion bicycles, there is also a significant difference between ternary lithium batteries and lithium iron phosphate batteries. The discharge life of ternary lithium batteries is 1000 cycles, while the life of lithium iron phosphate batteries can reach 2000 cycles;

4. Charging method: Lithium batteries use the voltage and current limiting method, which sets a threshold for both current and voltage. However, lead-acid batteries have various charging methods, including constant current charging, constant voltage charging, stage equal current charging, and float charging, which cannot be described in detail.

5. In terms of volume and quality: Generally, lead-acid batteries weigh 16-30 kilograms and have a larger volume; Lithium batteries generally weigh between 2.5-3 kilograms and have a relatively small volume, making them easy to ride and transport.

6. Durability: Lead acid batteries generally have a deep charge and discharge of less than 300 times, with memory and a lifespan of about two years. And there is liquid inside lead-acid batteries. After a period of consumption, if the battery becomes hot or the charging time becomes shorter, it is necessary to replenish the liquid; Lithium iron phosphate batteries have strong durability, slow consumption, over 500 charge and discharge cycles, and no memory. Their general lifespan is 4-5 years.

The above is a comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of lead-acid batteries and lithium iron phosphate batteries. Compared to lead-acid batteries, lithium batteries have more advantages. Currently, some equipment is using lithium batteries as energy storage devices due to limitations in working environment or equipment volume. In the long run, lithium iron phosphate batteries have obvious advantages over lead-acid batteries and currently have a strong development trend.

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