-Briefly describe several balanced charging methods for lithium-ion batteries

Briefly describe several balanced charging methods for lithium-ion batteries
author:enerbyte source:本站 click76 Release date: 2024-08-09 08:42:55
abstract:
Attach a parallel balancing circuit to each individual battery in the battery pack to achieve the purpose of shunting. In this mode, when a battery reaches full charge first, the balancing device can prevent it from overcharging and convert excess energy into heat energy, continuously charging the u...

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Attach a parallel balancing circuit to each individual battery in the battery pack to achieve the purpose of shunting. In this mode, when a battery reaches full charge first, the balancing device can prevent it from overcharging and convert excess energy into heat energy, continuously charging the unfilled battery. This method is simple, but it will cause energy loss and is not suitable for fast charging systems.

Before charging, discharge each individual cell one by one through the same load to the same level, and then perform constant current charging to ensure a more accurate balance between each cell. However, for battery packs, due to physical differences between individuals, it is difficult to achieve completely consistent ideal results after deep discharge of each individual cell. Even if the same effect is achieved after discharge, new imbalances may still occur during the charging process.

Test and average charge the individual batteries in the battery pack on time, in sequence, and separately. When charging the battery pack, it can be ensured that each battery in the battery pack will not experience overcharging or overdischarging, thus ensuring that each battery in the battery pack is in normal working condition.

Using the time-sharing principle, additional current is controlled and switched through switch components to flow into batteries with relatively low voltage, in order to achieve balanced charging. This method is relatively efficient, but the control is more complex.

Using the voltage parameters of each battery as the balancing object, restore the voltage of each battery to be consistent. As shown in Figure 2, during balanced charging, the capacitor is alternately connected to two adjacent batteries through a control switch, receiving charging from the high-voltage battery and discharging from the low-voltage battery until the voltages of the two batteries converge. This balancing method effectively addresses the issue of voltage imbalance in battery packs, but it is particularly suitable for situations with a small number of batteries.

The entire system is controlled by a microcontroller, and each individual battery has an independent set of modules. The module manages the charging of each individual battery according to the set program, and automatically disconnects after charging is completed. This method is relatively simple, but when there are a large number of individual batteries, it will significantly increase the cost and is not conducive to reducing the system volume.


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