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Can power batteries have both high energy density and ultra fast charging?

Micro Macro Power, which was first known for its fast charging batteries, has explored this under current and future technological conditions. At the 2019 Shanghai Auto Show, Weihong Power introduced three batteries specifically designed for pure electric passenger vehicles, with 1C, 1.6c-1.8c, and 2C fast charging capabilities; It also has energy densities of 270Wh/kg, 225Wh/kg, and 205Wh/kg.

That's not enough, you might say. Can it be charged with higher energy and faster?

Regarding this, Guo Shengchang, the design director of Weihong Battery System, stated that Weihong Power's previous products have stronger fast charging capabilities, but the products developed based on the operational needs of the passenger car market have taken into account the characteristics of low cost, standardization, and diversified performance.

For the future, there is no clear commercial application of new material systems for power batteries that can significantly improve energy density, and the increase in energy density often has a negative impact on fast charging capability. Therefore, the strategy of Micro Macro Power is to neither pursue the extreme of energy density nor fast charging, but to balance the factors of energy density, fast charging capability, and cost.

1. Entering the passenger car market

Weihong Power is one of the veteran power battery companies, established in 2006. Previously, its products were known for fast charging and mainly focused on commercial vehicles.

In China, the earliest batch application of micro macro power batteries was seen in April 2011. The first batch of 6 fast charging pure electric buses have been officially put into operation in Chongqing. This batch of buses is manufactured by Hengtong Bus and uses micro macro power batteries with a charging time of less than 10 minutes. At that time, the launch of these fast charging buses also marked the official start of commercial operation of fast charging buses in China. Later, Chongqing Public Transport successively purchased 1500 fast charging buses.

Weihong's fast charging batteries are supplied to electric and plug-in hybrid vehicles both domestically and internationally. In recent years, at least four generations of batteries have been developed and produced, with sales spread throughout the country, as far as the UK, Belgium, New Zealand, and Moscow. Larger projects include over a thousand red double decker bus power batteries in London; 120 hybrid buses in Belgium and so on.

According to statistics from Weihong Power, as of the end of 2018, the total number of commercial vehicles equipped with Weihong battery systems worldwide reached 25000, with a cumulative operating mileage of over 2.3 billion kilometers. They operate continuously in more than 160 cities in 16 countries worldwide, maintaining a record of zero operational safety accidents.

In 2018, Weihong Power began to make efforts in the passenger car market. In September 2018, Weihong Power appeared in the list of suppliers for pure electric passenger vehicles.

The "Recommended Model Catalogue for Promotion and Application of New Energy Vehicles (9th Batch of 2018)" released in the same month includes the power battery of the newly added Changan Yidong EV (SC7003AKBEV), which is produced by Weihong Power.

In March 2019, the second batch of "Recommended Model Catalogue for Promotion and Application of New Energy Vehicles" was released, and Weihong Power once again entered the passenger car matching industry. The Chongqing Lifan pure electric passenger car, which adopts micro macro power battery cells, has an energy density of 160Wh/kg in the battery system and a range of 400km. According to the 2019 new subsidy policy, both models mentioned above are within the scope of national subsidies and can receive subsidies of 14400 yuan and 25000 yuan respectively.

Entering Changan and Lifan's supporting facilities means that Weihong Power Battery has achieved a breakthrough in its business, and behind it, the product has shifted from fast charging to a multi performance balanced type that is more needed for passenger cars.

2. Multi performance balance

Guo Shengchang believes that there are two main pain points for pure electric passenger cars nowadays: short range and long charging time. To this end, Weihong Power has launched a passenger car power battery that balances energy density and fast charging capability. Based on the combination of energy density and fast charging capability, three models are available for different car manufacturers to choose from.

The 52Ah product has an energy density of 270Wh/kg, which is at the same level as the highest energy density product currently available for mass production in China. Guo Shengchang said that this type of battery can support a range of 400 kilometers and compete on the same level as gasoline cars.

The 48Ah product is suitable for ride hailing and taxi services, with a system energy density of up to 140Wh/kg. It has a certain range and can also be fast charged, meeting the operational needs of ride hailing and taxi services.

The 44Ah product, applied to taxis with higher operating mileage, can quickly charge from 0% to 80% in 20 minutes and reach 100% in 30 minutes, meeting the needs of all-weather operation.

Guo Shengchang believes that these three products have different power density and energy density, but they are of the same size as VDA, which is suitable for the operational needs of the passenger car market and takes into account the characteristics of low cost, standardization, and diversified performance.

3. Higher energy and faster charging?

In the future, Weihong Power will continue to work hard on batteries with relatively high specific energy and fast charging capabilities.

According to the information previously disclosed by the person in charge of Weihong Power, in the fourth quarter of 2020, Weihong Power also plans to mass produce products with a capacity of 300Wh/kg, 1C charging and discharging, and a cycle life of over 1200 times.

By the fourth quarter of 2021, Weihong plans to launch a 350wh/kg battery that can charge 40% of its mid SOC in 15 minutes at a rate of 4C, with a cycle life of over 800 times.

These two products still use ternary+silicon carbon negative electrode materials. Guo Shengchang stated that it remains to be observed for new material systems with larger spans to increase energy density in the future. Due to the pursuit of high specific energy, there is generally a negative impact on fast charging energy. Therefore, the product direction of Micro Macro Power will still be to combine energy density and power density, while striving for low cost.

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