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Structure and principle

The olivine structured lithium iron phosphate inside the lithium iron phosphate battery serves as the positive electrode of the battery, which is connected to the positive electrode of the battery through a separator between aluminum foil and polymer to distinguish between positive and negative. However, Li+lithium ions and electrons e - cannot pass through, while the right side is connected to the carbon (graphite) battery cathode, copper foil, and negative electrode. The electrolyte of the battery is located between the upper and lower ends, and the battery is enclosed in a metal casing.

When LiFePO4 batteries are charged, the lithium ions Li+in the positive electrode migrate to the negative electrode through the polymer film. During the discharge process, lithium ions in the negative electrode migrate to the positive electrode through the separator. Lithium ion batteries are named after the back and forth movement of lithium ions between charging and discharging. Generally speaking, the rated voltage of LiFePO4 batteries is 3.2V, with a cut-off voltage of 3.6V and a cut-off voltage of 2.0V.

The capacity of lithium iron phosphate batteries varies greatly and can be divided into three categories: small ones with only a few milliampere hours, medium ones with only a few tens of milliampere hours, and large ones with only a few hundred milliampere hours. The similar parameters of different types of batteries also have certain differences. There are cylindrical batteries suitable for 18650, as well as square batteries.

application program

Due to the above characteristics of lithium iron phosphate power lithium batteries and the production of various batteries with different capacities, they have been widely used. Its important application areas are:

Large electric vehicles: buses, electric vehicles, tourist vehicles, hybrid vehicles;

Light electric vehicles: electric bicycles, golf carts, small flatbed electric scooters, forklifts, cleaning vehicles, electric wheelchairs, etc;

Electric tools: drills, saws, lawn mowers, etc.

Remote control of toys such as cars, ships, airplanes, etc;

Energy storage equipment for solar and wind power generation;

UPS、 Emergency lights, warning lights, mining lights (optimal safety);

Replace the 3V disposable lithium-ion battery and 9V nickel cadmium or nickel hydrogen rechargeable battery (of the same size) inside the camera;

Small medical equipment and portable devices.

Compared to in this article, you can see that iron phosphate lithium-ion batteries are the dark horse and rising star in the lithium-ion battery industry. Personally, I believe that automobiles are still in the stage of widespread application and will gradually enter the electric vehicle (electric bicycle) and energy storage markets (energy storage stations, communication base stations). It is impossible to enter the wearable field. But its energy density, low-temperature performance, etc. have always been unable to meet the market demand. Whether it is a new round of revival or the three eliminated materials, solid-state batteries, welcome to communicate with me.

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