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Lead acid batteries include two categories: colloidal and liquid batteries. These two forms of batteries are used according to regional divisions. Colloidal batteries have strong cold resistance and work much better than liquid batteries at temperatures below 0-15 degrees Celsius. Their insulation performance is excellent. If you live in a place with low temperatures in winter, you can choose colloidal batteries

Liquid batteries also have their own characteristics, as they have strong heat dissipation ability and are suitable for areas with temperatures above 38 degrees Celsius in summer. In such temperature environments, using colloids can easily cause the battery to heat up and even bulge during prolonged cycling

So there is no absolute good or bad for these two types of batteries, let's choose according to your preferences

Colloidal batteries are better.

Colloidal batteries belong to a development classification of lead-acid batteries. The simplest method is to add a gelling agent to sulfuric acid to make the sulfuric acid electrolyte gelatinous. Batteries with a colloidal state of electrolyte are commonly referred to as colloidal batteries.

In a broad sense, the difference between colloidal batteries and conventional lead-acid batteries is not only in the change of the electrolyte to a gel like state. For example, non condensable solid aqueous colloids belong to colloidal batteries in terms of electrochemical classification structure and characteristics. For example, the attachment of polymer materials in the grid, commonly known as ceramic grid, can also be regarded as the application feature of colloidal batteries. Recently, a targeted coupling agent has been added to the electrode plate formula in the laboratory, greatly improving the reaction utilization rate of the active substances in the electrode plate. According to non-public information, it can reach a weight specific energy level of 70wh/kg. These are examples of industrial practice and the application of colloidal batteries that need to be industrialized at present.

The difference between colloidal batteries and conventional lead-acid batteries has evolved from the initial understanding of electrolyte gelation to the study of electrochemical characteristics of electrolyte basic structures, as well as the application and promotion in grids and active substances. Its most important feature is to manufacture higher quality batteries with lower industrial costs along the 150 year old lead-acid battery industry path. Its discharge curve is straight, with a high inflection point, and its specific energy, especially power, is more than 20% larger than conventional lead-acid batteries. Its lifespan is generally about twice that of conventional lead-acid batteries, and its high and low temperature characteristics are much better.

Characteristics of colloidal batteries for electric vehicles:

◆ Less water loss: The oxygen cycle design is conducive to the diffusion channels of O2, and the precipitated O2 and more negative electrode materials form a recombination. Therefore, during the charging and discharging process, there is less gas precipitation, resulting in less water loss.

◆ Long shelf life: It has good resistance to sulfation of the electrode plate and reduces grid corrosion, and has a long storage period.

◆ Low self discharge: can hinder the diffusion of water generated during cathodic reduction and inhibit the spontaneous reduction reaction of PbO. So there is less self discharge

◆ Good low-temperature starting performance: Due to the presence of sulfuric acid electrolyte in colloids, although its internal resistance is slightly higher, the internal resistance of the colloidal electrolyte does not change much at low temperatures, so its low-temperature starting performance is good.

◆ High charging efficiency: The special charging method can fully activate the active substance and increase the battery capacity.

◆ Long lifespan: The colloidal electrolyte has a scientific specific gravity, which is not easy to cause vulcanization of the electrode plate. Under normal use, the number of cycles is more than 550.

◆ Good environmental friendliness and practicality: Due to the solid state of the electrolyte, even if the battery casing accidentally ruptures during use, it can still be used normally without any liquid sulfuric acid flowing out.

Colloidal batteries belong to a development classification of lead-acid batteries, which involves adding a gelling agent to sulfuric acid to make the sulfuric acid electrolyte gelatinous. Batteries with a colloidal state of electrolyte are commonly referred to as colloidal batteries.

The difference between colloidal batteries and conventional lead-acid batteries has evolved from the initial understanding of electrolyte gelation to the study of electrochemical characteristics of electrolyte basic structures, as well as the application and promotion in grids and active substances. Its most important feature is to manufacture higher quality batteries with lower industrial costs. Its discharge curve is straight, with a high inflection point. Its energy and power are more than 20% larger than conventional lead-acid batteries, and its lifespan is generally about twice that of conventional lead-acid batteries. Its high and low temperature characteristics are much better.

Electric Vehicle Industry Knowledge 2010-01-0720:44: Colloidal batteries belong to a development classification of lead-acid batteries. The simplest method is to add a gelling agent to sulfuric acid to make the sulfuric acid electrolyte gelatinous. Batteries with a colloidal state of electrolyte are commonly referred to as colloidal batteries. In a broad sense, the difference between colloidal batteries and conventional lead-acid batteries is not only in the change of the electrolyte to a gel like state. For example, non condensable solid aqueous colloids belong to colloidal batteries in terms of electrochemical classification structure and characteristics. For example, the attachment of polymer materials in the grid, commonly known as ceramic grid, can also be regarded as the application feature of colloidal batteries. Recently, a targeted coupling agent has been added to the electrode plate formula in the laboratory, greatly improving the reaction utilization rate of the active substances in the electrode plate. According to non-public information, it can reach a weight specific energy level of 70wh/kg. These are examples of industrial practice and the application of colloidal batteries that need to be industrialized at present. The difference between colloidal batteries and conventional lead-acid batteries has evolved from the initial understanding of electrolyte gelation to the study of electrochemical characteristics of electrolyte basic structures, as well as the application and promotion in grids and active substances. Its most important feature is to manufacture higher quality batteries with lower industrial costs along the 150 year old lead-acid battery industry path. Its discharge curve is straight, with a high inflection point, and its specific energy, especially power, is more than 20% larger than conventional lead-acid batteries. Its lifespan is generally about twice that of conventional lead-acid batteries, and its high and low temperature characteristics are much better. 412HTML "China Battery Academy"

Colloidal lead-acid batteries are an improvement on ordinary lead-acid batteries with liquid electrolytes. Colloidal electrolytes are used to replace sulfuric acid electrolytes, which improves safety, storage capacity, discharge performance, and service life compared to ordinary batteries.

Colloidal lead-acid battery adopts gel electrolyte, and there is no free liquid inside. Under the same volume, the electrolyte has large capacity, large heat capacity, and strong heat dissipation ability, which can avoid the thermal runaway phenomenon of general batteries; Low electrolyte concentration weakens the corrosion effect on the electrode plate; The concentration is uniform and there is no electrolyte stratification phenomenon.

Colloidal lead-acid batteries have better performance than valve regulated sealed lead-acid batteries. Colloidal lead-acid batteries have stable performance, high reliability, long service life, strong adaptability to environmental temperatures (high and low temperatures), strong ability to withstand long-term discharge, cyclic discharge, deep discharge, and high current discharge, as well as advantages such as self protection from overcharging and over discharge.

The domestic colloidal lead-acid battery used for electric bicycles is filled with silicone and sulfuric acid solution through vacuum in the AGM separator between the positive and negative plates of the battery. Colloidal lead-acid batteries cannot undergo oxygen cycling in the early stages of use because the colloid surrounds both the positive and negative plates. The oxygen generated on the positive plate cannot diffuse to the negative plate, and cannot be reduced to the active substance lead on the negative plate. It can only be discharged by the exhaust valve, consistent with a rich liquid battery.

After using colloidal lead-acid batteries for a period of time, the colloid begins to dry and contract, producing cracks. Oxygen flows directly through the cracks to the negative electrode plate for oxygen circulation. The exhaust valve is no longer frequently opened, and the colloidal lead-acid battery is close to sealing operation, with little water loss. Therefore, the main failure mechanism of electric bicycle batteries is dehydration, and the use of colloidal lead-acid batteries can achieve very good results. Colloidal electrolyte coagulates sulfuric acid electrolyte into colloidal substances by adding gel agent to the electrolyte. Generally, colloidal electrolyte is also added with colloidal stabilizer and compatibilizer, and some colloidal formulas are also added with delayed colloidal coagulation and retarding agent to facilitate colloidal filling.

Gas phase silica

The colloidal battery gel agent is vapor phase silicon dioxide. The vapor phase silicon dioxide is a high-purity white tasteless nano powder material, which has the functions of thickening, anti caking, controlling the rheology and thixotropy of the system. In addition to traditional applications, it has been widely used in colloidal batteries in recent years.

Gas phase silica is a nanoscale white powder produced by the high-temperature hydrolysis of silicon halides in a hydrogen oxygen flame, commonly known as gas phase silica. It is an amorphous silica product with a primary particle size between 7-40nm and an aggregate particle size of approximately 200-500 nanometers. The specific surface area is 100-400m2/g, and the purity is high. The SiO2 content is not less than 99.8%. The untreated gas-phase silica aggregates on the surface contain multiple silicon hydroxyl groups, one of which is isolated and undisturbed free hydroxyl groups; The second is the bonding of silicon hydroxyl groups that are connected and form hydrogen bonds with each other. The untreated gas-phase white carbon black aggregates on the surface are aggregates containing multiple - OH groups, which easily form a uniform three-dimensional network structure (hydrogen bonding) in liquid systems. This three-dimensional network structure (hydrogen bond) will be broken when subjected to external forces (such as shear force, electric field force, etc.), causing the medium to become thinner and viscosity to decrease. Once the external force disappears, the three-dimensional structure (hydrogen bond) will recover on its own and viscosity will increase, indicating that this thixotropy is reversible.

Vapor phase silicon dioxide mainly makes use of its excellent thickening thixotropic property in colloidal batteries. The colloidal electrolyte is composed of vapor phase silicon dioxide and a certain concentration of sulfuric acid solution in a certain proportion. The sulfuric acid and water in this electrolyte are "stored" in the silicon gel network, showing a "soft solid gel", and appear solid when stationary. When the battery is charged, the concentration of sulfuric acid in the electrolyte increases, causing it to "thicken" and accompanied by cracks. In the later stage of charging, the "electrolysis water" reaction causes the oxygen generated by the positive electrode to be absorbed by the negative electrode through these countless cracks, and further reduced to water, thereby achieving a sealed cycle reaction in the battery. During discharge, the concentration of sulfuric acid in the electrolyte decreases, causing it to become "diluted" and then become the diluted gel state before charging the battery. Therefore, colloidal batteries have a maintenance free function. At home and abroad, the basic method for using gas-phase silica is AEROSIL200 from Degussa.

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