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Due to the inherent characteristics of the materials, wet process membranes and dry process membranes have their own advantages and disadvantages:

Wet membrane is lightweight and not easy to tear, but the melting point of PE is 135 ℃, which is lower in safety than dry membrane. In addition, due to different raw materials and production processes, the overall cost is higher than dry membrane; Dry process separator products have a high melting point, better heat resistance, high pressure resistance, and oxidation resistance, but they are thicker compared to wet process separators and are prone to longitudinal tearing, which requires higher process requirements from battery companies.

With the rapid expansion of ternary power batteries, especially high nickel power batteries, the demand for separators that combine the advantages of high safety, strong functionality, and low cost is urgent, and has become a direction for domestic separator enterprises to work together. The "three-layer composite membrane" developed by international diaphragm giant Celgard may provide some inspiration for domestic peers.

The middle layer of Celgard's three-layer composite film is polyethylene, with a melting point of around 132 ℃. When the battery loses control and heats up, the polyethylene will melt and close the pore cutting circuit, which can provide safety protection for the battery; The outer two layers are made of polypropylene, which has antioxidant properties and a melting point above 165 ℃. Even if the battery temperature is slightly increased, the physical shape of the membrane material will not be affected, providing a second layer of safety protection for the battery.

In addition to high safety, Celgard President Shi Lie publicly stated that the dry process of the company's "three-layer composite membrane" product is more green and environmentally friendly compared to wet membranes.

Wet process requires chemical solvents and solutions. Although manufacturers are making efforts to recover them, there will still be some evaporation into the air, which is harmful to both humans and the environment.

However, in the face of the view that some people in China believe that wet separators have a broader application prospect in the field of power batteries, Shi Lie does not agree. In his view, at the beginning of the rise of new energy vehicles, dry process separators dominated because wet process products had poor oxygen resistance and significant lateral shrinkage; Melting at a temperature of 130 ℃ has significant limitations; In terms of strength, the wet membrane has dropped by more than 50% after a period of use, while the three-layer composite membrane has hardly changed and has a longer lifespan than the wet polyethylene membrane.

Objectively speaking, after coating and processing, wet diaphragm will effectively avoid the inherent defects in its material properties, but this will increase costs.

At present, the majority of ternary power battery systems in China use "wet process+coating". However, due to cost considerations, the performance of the gradually improved dry process separator is widely used in both lithium iron phosphate systems and ternary systems. Some leading enterprises in ternary systems even use dry process separators.

At present, the proportion of high nickel power batteries worldwide is not high, and further research is needed to determine whether "wet coating" can simultaneously meet the requirements of high safety, strong functionality, and low cost diaphragm usage.

Shi Lie stated that the three-layer composite membrane is the only membrane that can be used in high-energy batteries without coating, and directly using the base membrane will be more competitive than polyethylene ceramic membranes.

"Different customers or battery designs sometimes require us to apply another layer of ceramic, which can be more expensive." Shi Lie added that Celgard has had many successful cases in Japan, South Korea, and some Chinese battery manufacturers. In the past many years, the market has given very good feedback on the "three-layer composite film" of CELGARD, especially in the field of electric vehicles and energy storage batteries, where there have never been any safety accidents, and the reliability is very guaranteed. We welcome more battery manufacturers to try and cooperate together.

It is understood that Celgard is the pioneer of dry process diaphragm technology worldwide, with a history of 30 to 40 years in the diaphragm industry. It is now a subsidiary of Asahi Chemical. Most dry process membrane companies in China use Celgard's dry process technology, but currently Chinese manufacturers are unable to replicate the "three-layer composite membrane" developed and imported by Celgard.

"We started researching three-layer membranes a few years ago, but there was no matching production equipment at that time, and one of the raw materials needed to be imported from abroad." A senior executive of a domestic dry process membrane company said that most of the domestic companies made double-layer membranes because they were 'not thin'.

However, with the continuous improvement of raw materials, production equipment, and process technology, some domestic dry process diaphragm companies are trying to develop and launch three-layer composite membranes. Please pay attention to the follow-up reports of high-tech lithium batteries.

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