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The new installation method of valve regulated sealed lead-acid batteries will directly affect the daily operation and maintenance of batteries. The correct installation method of batteries is closely related to their performance and service life. The correct installation method for batteries should pay attention to the following points.

(1) We should choose batteries from the same manufacturer, model, and batch to ensure the consistency of various performance between batteries. We should try to choose individual batteries and conveniently observe the relevant data of each battery during use and maintenance; It is prohibited to use batteries from different manufacturers, models, types, capacities, performance, and levels of old and new in series or parallel. Batteries with inconsistent performance are not easy to maintain and will affect their lifespan.

(2) The best connection method is to connect the batteries in series. A suitable battery should be selected and then connected in series to form a battery pack. Generally, only batteries with a capacity exceeding 1000A. h can be used in parallel.

(3) The installation position of the battery should be placed in a ventilated, dry, away from heat sources, and not easily prone to sparks. The placement of the battery should not be too dense, and a distance of at least 10mm should be maintained between individual batteries.

(4) The allowable working temperature range for ambient temperature valve controlled sealed lead-acid batteries should be 10-30 ℃. If conditions permit, air conditioning can be installed indoors to control the temperature between 22-25 ℃. This not only ensures the optimal capacity of the battery, but also extends its service life.

(5) The placement direction of the battery should be different according to the different geometric shapes of the electrode plates when installing the battery. Long plate (high type) batteries are suitable for horizontal placement, while short plate (low type) batteries are suitable for vertical placement. This can allow the electrolyte of the valve controlled sealed lead acid battery to be adsorbed evenly in the diaphragm.

(6) The connection between the poles of a valve controlled sealed lead-acid battery is connected by connecting strips. When tightening the poles, the force should not be too large or too small. Too much force can cause the copper sleeve inside the pole to overflow, and too little force can lead to poor contact between the connecting strip and the pole. Therefore, during installation, the manufacturer's special wrench should be used, or one should tighten their own sleeve wrench to the manufacturer's reference kilogram force.

(7) Safety precautions: Due to the high voltage after the battery is connected in series, when loading and unloading conductive busbars, we should use insulated tools and wear insulated gloves to prevent short circuits from causing equipment damage or personal injury.

The method of connecting batteries in series is to connect the positive pole of the latter battery to the negative pole of the previous battery, leaving only the positive pole of the first battery and the negative pole of the last battery.

Batteries have two terminals, with the positive terminal marked with a+and the negative terminal marked with a -. There are two ways to connect multiple batteries: series and parallel.

After connecting batteries with the same parameters in series, the output current remains unchanged, and the output voltage is the total output voltage of each battery. For example, when four 12V10A batteries are connected in series, the output voltage is 48V and the output current is still 10A.

Parallel connection of batteries with the same parameters involves connecting the positive and negative terminals of all batteries separately. After parallel connection, the output voltage remains unchanged, and the output current is the total output current of each battery. For example, when four 12V10A batteries are connected in parallel, the output voltage is still 12V and the output current is 40A.

Regarding the issue of series and parallel connection of batteries: If you have two 6V batteries and want to increase their capacity, they should be connected in parallel. The positive electrode is connected to the positive electrode, and the negative electrode is connected to the negative electrode; If you want to increase the voltage, then it is to connect two batteries in series. In theory, the voltage of the two batteries is added together, which means it becomes 12V. The specific connection method is: the first negative pole is connected to the second positive pole, and the first positive pole and the second negative pole are respectively connected to the corresponding positive and negative poles of the electrical equipment. If the connection method is correct, it is normal for sparks to appear when the last pole is connected.

In a battery pack, multiple batteries are connected in series to obtain the required operating voltage. If higher capacity and greater current are required, then the batteries should be connected in parallel. In addition, there are some battery packs that combine series and parallel methods. A laptop battery may have four 3.6V lithium-ion batteries connected in series, with a total voltage of 14.4V; Then, connect the two sets of batteries connected in series in parallel, so that the total power of the battery pack can be increased from 2000mAh to 4000mAh. This connection method is called "four series and two parallel", which means that two sets of battery packs connected in series by four batteries are connected in parallel.

A battery is generally used in watches, backup memory, and cellular phones. The nominal voltage of a nickel based battery is 1.2V, alkaline battery is 1.5V, silver oxide battery is 1.6V, lead-acid battery is 2V, lithium battery is 3V, and lithium-ion battery is 3.6V. The rated voltage of lithium-ion polymers and other types of lithium batteries is generally 3.7V. If you want to obtain an uncommon voltage like 11.1V, you need to connect three of these batteries in series. With the development of modern microelectronics technology, we can now use a 3.6V lithium-ion battery to power cellular phones and low-power portable communication products. In the 1960s, mercury batteries, which were widely used in illuminance meters, have now been completely withdrawn from the market due to environmental protection considerations.

The nominal voltage of nickel based batteries is 1.2V or 1.25V. There is no difference between them except for market preferences. Most commercial batteries have a voltage of 1.2V per cell; Industrial batteries, special batteries, and special batteries still have a voltage of 1.25V per cell.

series

Portable devices that require high battery power are usually powered by a battery pack consisting of two or more batteries connected in series. If high voltage batteries are used, the size of conductors and switches can be made very small. Medium priced industrial electric tools generally use batteries with voltages ranging from 12V to 19.2V for power supply; Advanced electric tools use batteries with voltages ranging from 24V to 36V to obtain greater power. The automotive industry ultimately increased the ignition battery voltage of the starter from 12V (actually 14V) to 36V, or even 42V. These battery packs are composed of 18 lead-acid batteries connected in series. In early hybrid cars, the battery pack used for power supply had a voltage of 148V. The battery packs used in newer models range in voltage from 450V to 500V, with the majority being nickel based chemical batteries. A nickel metal hydrogen battery pack with a voltage of 480V is composed of 400 nickel metal hydrogen batteries connected in series. Some hybrid cars have also been tested with lead-acid batteries.

A 42V car battery is expensive, and compared to a 12V battery, it generates more arcs on the switch. Another issue with using high-voltage battery packs is the possibility of encountering a failure of one of the batteries in the pack. This is like a chain, the more batteries connected in series, the higher the probability of this situation occurring. As long as there is a problem with a battery, its voltage will decrease. At the end, a disconnected battery may interrupt the delivery of current. Replacing "bad" batteries is not an easy task, as new and old batteries do not match each other. Generally speaking, the capacity of new batteries is much higher than that of old batteries.

Looking at an example of a battery pack, the third battery only produces a voltage of 0.6V, instead of the normal 1.2V (Figure 1). As the working voltage decreases, it reaches the critical point of discharge faster than a normal battery pack, and its usage time also sharply shortens. Once the device is cut off due to low voltage, the remaining three intact batteries cannot deliver the stored power. At this point, the third battery still exhibits significant internal resistance. If there is still a load, it will cause a significant decrease in the output voltage of the entire battery chain. In a series of batteries, a poorly performing battery acts like a plug that blocks a water pipe, creating a huge resistance that prevents current from flowing through. The third section of the battery will also short-circuit, which will cause the terminal voltage to decrease to 3.6V or disconnect the battery pack link and cut off the current. The performance of a battery pack depends on the performance of the worst battery in the battery pack.

To obtain more power, two or more batteries can be connected in parallel. Another way to connect batteries in parallel is to use larger batteries. Due to the limitations of the available batteries, this method is not applicable to all situations. In addition, large-sized batteries are not suitable for the appearance specifications required for specialized batteries. Most chemical batteries can be used in parallel, and lithium-ion batteries are most suitable for parallel use. A battery pack composed of four parallel batteries maintains a voltage of 1.2V, while the current and operating time increase fourfold.

Compared to series connected batteries, high impedance or "open circuit" batteries have less impact in parallel battery circuits. However, parallel battery packs reduce load capacity and shorten operating time. This is like an engine only starting three cylinders. The damage caused by a short circuit in a circuit will be greater because, during a short circuit, the faulty battery will quickly deplete the power of other batteries and cause a fire

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