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A simple method is to measure the open circuit voltage of the battery, which is to use the OCV curve and open circuit voltage curve of the battery

The voltage of a battery is directly proportional to its capacity when it is open circuit or not connected to a load. For example, 11.6V may represent a battery capacity of 10%, while 13V may represent 90%

Different batteries have different characteristics, but overall, as long as the open circuit voltage reaches 13V, the basic capacity is above 90%

The function of a voltmeter is not to display the current value of the battery voltage and current, but to display the charging voltage and current output by the charger. This charger should have overcharge protection function. When the battery is fully charged, it will automatically cut off the output and stop charging. Choosing a high current of 20A for charging a 12V battery can cause damage to the battery. Unless the battery is heavily fed and cannot be charged at normal voltage and current, it can only be used for a while.

Since it is fully automatic, this charger should have an overcharge protection function, which automatically cuts off the output and stops charging when the battery is fully charged.

In addition, charging a 12V battery with a high current of 20A can cause significant damage to the battery. Unless the battery is heavily fed and cannot be charged at normal voltage and current, use it for a while.

If using a smart charger, the charging indicator light will turn on to indicate full charge; Check the changes in charging current for fully automatic and manual chargers. If the charging current is less than or close to 5A, it should be fully charged. Generally, a 12V65AH battery can be fully charged after 6-7 hours of continuous charging, and the charger can be removed.

The main components that can provide electrical energy for lead-acid batteries are the positive and negative plates and electrolyte. There is a liquid port plug on the battery, which is used to discharge the gas generated during charging, supplement pure water, and measure the specific gravity.

Accurate measurement generally relies on calculating the specific weight to confirm whether the battery is fully charged. The specific gravity of battery fluid and the condition of the battery are:

1. Adequate battery: 1.2750-1.285;

2. Discharge rate is 30%: 1.170-1.190

3. The discharge rate is 100%: 1.050-1.070.

If it is a maintenance free battery (without a liquid port plug and does not require distilled water during its service life), it needs to be determined whether it is fully charged based on the form of discharge float voltage. The nominal voltage of a single battery is 12V, and in the float charging state, the voltage of an acidic battery is 13.5-14.5V, which can be considered fully charged (inaccurate). The open circuit measurement voltage will basically reach 16-17V, and the battery is considered fully charged at this time.

If the electric vehicle battery is turned on, as mentioned upstairs, it will be fully charged. But there is no need to charge more. Most of the overcharged electricity is used to electrolyze water, and water loss is an important reason for the failure of electric vehicle batteries.

Other lead-acid batteries, under the set charging voltage, are generally 14.7V. When the charging current is less than 0.005C, they can be considered fully charged.

If there is a charging indicator light, it will be fully charged when it turns green,

If there is an ammeter, it will be fully charged when the current is close to 0,

Calculated by time, it depends on the charging current.

1. A battery generally retains more than 20% of its charge, and its chemical conversion efficiency during charging is about 50%. To fully charge the battery, an additional 150% * 80% of its charge is required.

2. The optimal charging current for a battery is 10% of its capacity, but the charging time requires 150% * 80%/10%=12 hours, plus about 1 hour of segmented charging to increase the time.

3. In order to meet people's daily routine, a charging current with a capacity of 13% is generally used in the design. This way, the charging time is at least 150% * 80%/13%=9.2 hours, plus about 1 hour of segmented charging to increase the time.

4. Fast charging, usually charged at 20% of the battery capacity, with a charging time of 150% * 80%/20%=6 hours. Charging with a higher current may shorten the charging time, but it can cause damage to the battery. Use with caution.

The time required for battery charging is determined by capacity, not voltage.

The charging current is generally 10% of the capacity, which is the 10 hour rate. The maximum current should not exceed 30% of the rated capacity. If the charging current is too large, the battery is prone to heating, causing bending, detachment, fracture, short circuit of the electrode plate, and resulting in accidents such as explosion and combustion.

Charging time (hours)=coefficient of charging battery capacity (Ah)/charging current (A) * 1.5.

For example, if the battery is 30AH, then: 30/3 * 1.5=15 (hours)

The charging time of the battery is mainly determined by its capacity and charging current. The standard charging current is one tenth of the battery capacity, for example, a 20AH battery capacity would result in a charging current of 2A. The voltage for constant voltage charging is 14.4V.

When the float voltage is 13.8V and the current is less than 0.01C (120 * 0.01=1.2A), it can be considered fully charged.

Just measure its current value and it can be measured directly with an ammeter.

The device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy is called a chemical battery, commonly referred to as a battery. After discharge, the internal active substances can be regenerated by charging - storing electrical energy as chemical energy; Convert chemical energy into electrical energy again when discharge is required. This type of battery is called a Storage Battery, also known as a secondary battery.

A battery is an electrochemical device that stores chemical energy and releases electrical energy when necessary.

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