-Comparison of domestic and foreign mainstream power lithium batteries

Comparison of domestic and foreign mainstream power lithium batteries
author:enerbyte source:本站 click489 Release date: 2022-12-09 16:45:56
abstract:
In terms of product development of electric vehicle power battery, lithium iron phosphate is the main product in China; In foreign countries, ternary materials are mainly used; The anode materials are mainly graphite materials.At present, the development of power battery abroad from 18650 to 21700 h...

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In terms of product development of electric vehicle power battery, lithium iron phosphate is the main product in China; In foreign countries, ternary materials are mainly used; The anode materials are mainly graphite materials.

At present, the development of power battery abroad from 18650 to 21700 has become a general trend.

According to the data released by Tesla, the energy density of the 21700 battery is 300 kw/kg, which is 20% higher than the 250 kw/kg of the 18650 battery; However, in terms of cost, the 21700 battery is 170 dollars/kwh, while the 18650 battery is 185/kwh. It can be seen that compared with the 18650 battery, the cost of the 21700 battery decreases by 8% while the energy density increases by 20%.

What does 21,700 mean? 21 is the outer diameter of the battery and 70 is the height of the battery.

Is the battery as thick as possible? Theoretically, the capacity will increase synchronously, but the side effects are also obvious: every 10% increase in energy density will reduce the cycle life by 20%, and the charge discharge ratio by 30-40%. At the same time, the cell will have a temperature rise of about 20%, so the 21700 is the result of the balance between comprehensive performance and economy.

In addition, from the manufacturing point of view, the production line from 18,650 to 21,700 is basically universal, and will not invest too much in equipment and technical transformation costs.

From the perspective of cell capacity, the 21700 cell significantly increased by 35% compared with the 18650 cell, reducing the number of cells by one third. In addition, the metal structures and conductive connectors required for battery PACK will also be reduced synchronously. It is estimated that the weight can be reduced by 10%, and the cost can be reduced by 24%.

The 21700 battery produced by Panasonic will be used in the model 3. The 21700 model has not been used in domestic passenger cars, but many battery manufacturers in China have arranged the production of the 21700 battery, and the 18650 switch is not too complicated.

In terms of product development of electric vehicle power battery, lithium iron phosphate is the main product in China; In foreign countries, ternary materials are mainly used; The anode materials are mainly graphite materials.

From the comparison of the technical level of the entire industrial chain, China, Japan and South Korea are in the first group, Japan is in the leading position in the technical development of the entire battery, South Korea has done more in product application, while China's entire industrial chain is the most complete in the world, the production capacity is the largest in the world, and the investment in R&D and industrialization is also the largest in the world.

On the whole, the new energy vehicle battery market in Europe and the United States is still the world of Japan and South Korea, and Chinese battery enterprises are also actively cooperating with international auto giants to open up a broader market.

In terms of market share, domestic enterprises such as BYD, CATL, Lishen, and BYK are among the world's leading enterprises in the field of lithium-ion batteries. However, the product uniformity and system integration, including the degree of automation of the production line, still have some gaps with the advanced level abroad.

Analysis on TOP 5 power battery of international electric vehicles:

(1) The main models of the first ranked Renault Nissan Mitsubishi Alliance include Nissan LEAF, e-NV200 and Renault Zoe. The Nissan LEAF ranks fourth in the global new energy vehicle sales list in 2017. It is a very mature model. Previously, it used the AESC battery jointly invested by Nissan and NEC.

As early as 2015, Nissan began to find new batteries for LEAF, and LG Chem was mentioned frequently. Renault Zoe is also a very popular pure electric vehicle, with batteries provided by LG Chem.

(2) It goes without saying that BYD, ranked second, naturally uses its own battery. As a representative of China's new energy vehicles, BYD has opened the industrial chain from batteries to vehicles. Faced with the rapidly changing new energy market, BYD is also trying to transform. In addition to turning to the direction of ternary lithium batteries in the field of passenger vehicles, battery splitting has become a major business of BYD.

(3) BAIC Group has been on the list of single vehicle sales for a long time by virtue of the EC series. BAIC has cooperated closely with Guoxuan High Tech, Funeng Technology and other battery enterprises. On May 28, 2017, BAIC and Guoxuan High Tech signed a large order of 1.875 billion yuan. At the end of December 2017, BAIC and Funeng Technology signed a strategic procurement agreement of 1 million batteries for five years.

(4) Geely Group ranked the fourth, largely because of the power of Zhidou D2, and of course, Geely's Emgrand EV, Global Eagle and other models. Zhidou mainly uses batteries from Boston and Dofluoro, while Geely Emgrand EV uses ternary lithium batteries from the Ningde era.

(5) In fifth place is Tesla. Due to production capacity and other reasons, Tesla Model 3 has not contributed much to the sales volume. Till today, it still fails to complete the problem of mass production climbing, so Tesla has convened Samsung and LG to open up new suppliers.

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