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Safety assessment and testing methods for lithium batteries in forklifts. This year, there have been frequent safety accidents involving lithium forklift batteries in the field of electric vehicle power lithium batteries. How to evaluate and test the safety of lithium forklift batteries to better prevent the occurrence of forklift lithium battery safety accidents has always been a focus of attention in the industry. The temperature of the forklift lithium battery displays the thermal state of the battery, which is essentially the result of the heat generation and transfer of the forklift lithium battery. Studying the thermal characteristics of lithium forklift batteries, as well as their heat generation and transfer characteristics in different states, can help us understand the important pathways through which exothermic chemical reactions occur inside lithium forklift batteries. Unsafe behavior The unsafe behavior of lithium forklift batteries, including overcharging and discharging, rapid charging and discharging, short circuit, mechanical abuse conditions, and high-temperature thermal shock, can easily trigger dangerous side reactions inside the battery and generate heat, directly damaging the passivation film on the negative and positive electrode surfaces. When the temperature of the battery cell rises to 130 ℃, the SEI film on the surface of the negative electrode decomposes, causing a severe oxidation-reduction reaction of the highly active lithium carbon negative electrode when exposed to the electrolyte. The resulting heat puts the battery in a high-risk state. When the local temperature inside the battery rises above 200 ℃, the passivation film on the surface of the positive electrode decomposes and the positive electrode undergoes oxygen evolution, which continues to react violently with the electrolyte, generating a large amount of heat and forming high internal pressure. When the battery temperature reaches above 240 ℃, there is also a violent exothermic reaction between the lithium carbon negative electrode and the binder. Safety assessment instrument for lithium forklift batteriesIn the safety research of lithium forklift batteries, the calorimeter is the most important instrument used. The most commonly used calorimeter is the accelerated calorimeter, also known as the accelerating rate calorimeter (ARC). ARC is a new type of thermal analysis instrument recommended by the United Nations for hazardous material assessment, which can provide time temperature pressure data for chemical reactions under adiabatic conditions. ARC is designed based on the adiabatic principle and can use a large sample size with high sensitivity. It can accurately measure the initial temperature of sample thermal decomposition, as well as the temperature and pressure variation curves over time during the adiabatic decomposition process. Especially, it can show the slow pressure change process of substances during thermal decomposition that cannot be provided by scanning calorimetry and differential thermal analysis. RC Security Assessment Methods ARC prevents heat exchange between the tested sample and the environment through precise temperature tracking, thus providing an approximately adiabatic environment. It is important to test and analyze the exothermic behavior of the tested sample. In addition to testing thermal runaway, utilizing the characteristics of ARC that can provide an adiabatic environment, ARC can be combined with DC constant current sources and charging and discharging equipment to test the specific heat capacity of the battery and the adiabatic temperature rise during the charging and discharging process. The temperature issue of lithium forklift batteries has a significant impact on the safety of lithium forklift batteries. The environment in which it is used also has a certain temperature, and lithium forklift batteries may also experience temperature during use. Importantly, temperature can have a significant impact on the chemical reactions inside lithium forklift batteries. Excessive temperature can even damage the service life of lithium forklift batteries, and in severe cases.

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