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1. Pulse repair method: the high-frequency positive and negative pulse generator is used to continuously generate high and low frequency conversion pulse for the battery. One is the condition for dissolving the large lead sulfate, and the other is the pulse disturbance, which destroys the condition for the large lead sulfate to continue to grow. This method overcomes the limitations of the previous repair technology. It is fast, about 8-12 hours, high repair efficiency, low power consumption, and will not cause water loss of the battery With the advantages of softening the positive plate and changing the original structure of the electrolyte, the repair effect of severely sulfurized lead-acid batteries is 3-4 times higher than that of the past, and the repair rate is more than 90%. The application of this technology reduces the number of discarded batteries

2. Strong current repair method: The strong current repair method is to repair the battery with high voltage or high current when charging. It is usually used when the effect of pulse repair method is not obvious. First, high voltage repair method: This method is mainly to repair the battery with a charging voltage of 1.3-1.5 times of the nominal voltage of the battery. For example, 36V battery is charged with a 48V charger under the condition that the charging current is constant or close. The charging time should be controlled properly and not too long, otherwise the battery will be heated due to gas evolution. This method has a certain repair effect on the battery with short circuit and low softening degree of the plate, but improper use will also cause damage to the pressure point of the battery plate. Second, the high current repair method: this method mainly adopts the charging current 1.5-2.0 times higher than the normal charging current to repair the battery. For example, the 20AH battery is charged with a 3-4A charger, which has the same advantages and disadvantages as the "high voltage repair method".

3. Full charge and full discharge repair method: The full charge and full discharge repair method is to repair the battery after it is fully charged. The full charge and full discharge repair method is mainly used to repair the slightly damaged battery. At the same time, this method can also effectively activate the active substances in the deep layer of the battery and improve the battery capacity. For example, the key of this method is that the discharge must be sufficient for the slightly sulfurized battery and the battery with high internal resistance, and each single battery must be fully discharged separately. The capacity of the battery can generally be improved after full charge and full discharge for 1-2 times. The full charge and full discharge repair method should not be used frequently. It should be used at least once every six months and at most once every three months.

4. Water supplement repair method: the "water loss" of the battery can be repaired by water supplement method. The purpose is to dilute the sulfuric acid with increased concentration for normal electrolytic reaction. The water replenishing method is relatively simple. Just open the upper cover of the battery, and you can see that there are six round holes. Inject a certain amount of distilled water into each round hole, and soak it for more than 24 hours. Water supplement can only supplement distilled water, and water with other components, including purified water, can not be added, because there are various metal molecules in the water with other components, which will easily cause self-discharge and damage the battery after being added into the battery.

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Specific energy 252Wh/kg, discharge capacity at - 40 ℃ ≥ 70%

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5. Reassembly and repair method: electric vehicle batteries are generally made of several batteries in series. The battery damage is multifaceted, and the battery may have several aspects of damage at the same time: for vulcanized batteries, the repair effect is good; However, for the battery with softened and broken plates, it can be repaired immediately. Because it is a physical hard wound, it has little reuse value. The service time after repair is also very short, and the effect of repair will be worse. The best way is to "replace the old battery with the old one (replace it with an old battery with more than 80% capacity)" which is not worth repairing, and then reassemble it with other remaining batteries.

Generally speaking, the repair is only for batteries without quality problems, and the main condition is the battery vulcanization caused by over-discharge. 1. The charger with silicon rectifier can be slowly charged for 3-5 hours with a current of 1/20 of the capacity, and then charged for more than 12 hours with a battery of 1/10 of the capacity, and the battery can be basically repaired; 2. Others charge the battery with 2 times 1/10 of its capacity for 30 minutes, and then use the above method. The method depends on the actual situation of the battery. Generally, the first method is recommended.

The electrode is mainly made of lead and its oxide, and the electrolyte is a kind of battery in sulfuric acid solution. English: Lead-acid battery. In the discharge state, the main component of the positive electrode is lead dioxide, and the main component of the negative electrode is lead; In the state of charge, the main components of the positive and negative poles are lead sulfate. It is divided into exhaust battery and maintenance-free lead-acid battery.

The battery is mainly composed of tubular positive plate, negative plate, electrolyte, separator, battery slot, battery cover, pole, liquid injection cover, etc. The electrode of the exhaust battery is composed of lead and lead oxide, and the electrolyte is an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid. The main advantages are stable voltage and low price; The disadvantages are low specific energy (i.e. the electric energy stored per kilogram of battery), short service life and frequent daily maintenance. The general life of the old ordinary battery is about 2 years, and it is necessary to regularly check the height of the electrolyte and add distilled water. However, with the development of technology, the life of lead-acid batteries has become longer and the maintenance is simpler.

Charging method of lead-acid battery_ How to repair lead-acid batteries

Classification of lead-acid batteries

1) Ordinary battery; The plate of ordinary battery is composed of lead and lead oxide, and the electrolyte is an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid. Its main advantages are stable voltage and low price; The disadvantages are low specific energy (i.e. the electric energy stored per kilogram of battery), short service life and frequent daily maintenance.

2) Dry-charged battery: its full name is dry-charged lead-acid battery. Its main feature is that the negative plate has a high storage capacity. In a completely dry state, it can store the energy obtained within two years. When it is used, it only needs to add electrolyte, and it can be used after 20-30 minutes.

3) Maintenance-free battery: Due to its structural advantages, the consumption of electrolyte is very small, and it is basically unnecessary to supplement distilled water during its service life. It also has the characteristics of shock resistance, high temperature resistance, small size and small self-discharge. The service life is generally twice that of ordinary batteries. There are also two types of maintenance-free batteries on the market: the first type is to add electrolyte at the time of purchase without maintenance (add supplemental solution); The other is that the battery itself has been filled with electrolyte and sealed when it leaves the factory, so the user can't add the supplemental solution at all.

Lead-acid batteries have 2 V, 4 V, 6 V, 8 V, 12 V, 24 V series, and the capacity ranges from 200 mAh to 3000 Ah. VRLA battery is a rechargeable battery based on AGM (liquid-absorbing glass fiber board) technology and calcium grid plate, which has excellent high current discharge characteristics and long service life. It does not need to add water in use.

Correct charging method of lead-acid battery

1. Determine the rated voltage and rated capacity of the battery or battery pack. The rated voltage is used to determine the charging voltage, and the rated capacity is used to determine the charging current.

About voltage: the simplest way is to read it from the label; For example, the rated voltage of the CSB battery shown in Figure 1 is 12V.

If the label is worn or there is no label at all, it can be judged from the number of vent holes or safety valves. The vent hole is a round hole that can be opened or closed at the top of the battery. To be sure, all lead-acid batteries have exhaust holes at present. Each vent represents a unit, namely 2V. Therefore, the total voltage of the battery shown in the other figure is 24V, because it has 12 vents.

About capacity: it can also be read or calculated from the label; Generally speaking, the rated voltage of the battery will be indicated on the label. As shown in Figure 3, PNP battery is indicated as 65Ah, but UPS battery is usually expressed in W, as shown in Figure 1, 34W. For this type of battery, the simple calculation method of capacity is to divide the wattage by four, that is, 8.5Ah; However, there is no way to deal with the situation like that in Figure 2. It can only be estimated according to the volume or importance, and the error is relatively large. Generally speaking, the 12V100Ah AGM battery weighs 30~35kg, so if the battery in Figure 2 weighs 500kg, its capacity can be calculated to be about 700Ah.

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