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In the second half of last year, Jiangsu was designated as the national pilot area for recycling new energy vehicle power batteries. After more than half a year, what is the current situation of the recovery and utilization of power batteries in Jiangsu Province, and what are the difficulties?

Retired lithium-ion batteries come into new use

Retired batteries are mainly concentrated in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta, where the number of new energy vehicles is large. "In 2020, the retired power battery in Jiangsu is expected to be about 20000 tons, and will reach about 80000 tons by 2025," said Hu Zhengxin, deputy director of the Energy Conservation and Comprehensive Utilization Division of the Jiangsu Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology.

Hu Zhengxin introduced that the recovery and reuse of power battery mainly includes two links: cascade utilization and resource recovery. Generally, when the power battery capacity of new energy vehicles decays to less than 80%, it can not fully meet the vehicle power demand, but can be used in other fields. Just like the batteries that cannot be used in electric toys, they can still be used in the remote control. The scrapped power batteries in cars can still be used in the fields of standby power supply, electric energy storage, field electric vehicles, etc. This is the cascade utilization. If the traction battery cannot be used in a cascade way, it will be disassembled to recover the valuable renewable resources, such as cobalt, lithium and other metals.

The cascade utilization of traction battery is generally favored by the industry. Iron tower companies, which provide communication base station construction and operation services for the three major operators, need standby power supply to ensure the continuous operation of the communication "tower". Jiangsu Iron Tower currently maintains about 90000 base stations. Previously, the standby power supply of the base stations used lead-acid batteries, which have poor heat resistance, low energy density and insufficient environmental protection. Last year, Jiangsu Iron Tower stopped purchasing lead-acid batteries, and the backup power supply will be replaced with lithium ion batteries scrapped on new energy vehicles. At present, Jiangsu has replaced more than 4000 sets.

Recycling problems to be solved

As an emerging field, the recovery and utilization of traction battery is in its infancy and faces some prominent bottlenecks.

"There are still some 'roadblocks' in the cascade utilization of power batteries." The relevant person in charge of Jiangsu Iron Tower said that at present, the number of retired batteries is small, and the downstream companies of the industrial chain compete for the limited resources of retired batteries, and the purchase price of the cascade utilization battery is high.

"According to the regulations, automobile production companies are responsible for battery recycling, but the biggest problem now is that the ownership of retired batteries is not clear." Xu Hanxue, the head of the core parts of Volvo Cars, said that there are two important types of customers. One is that state-owned enterprise customers buy cars in batches, and the profit margin of the disposal of retired batteries is large, so they are not willing to hand it over to professional manufacturers; Second, it is very difficult to track the recovery of private customers who buy cars sporadically.

"In terms of detection and other aspects, the recovery and utilization technology of retired batteries is not mature." Cai Jun, general manager of State Grid Jiangsu Comprehensive Energy Service Co., Ltd., said that detection is in the middle of the whole battery processing industry, involving the valuation and reuse distribution of retired batteries. Different manufacturers have different battery standards and different battery management systems. Many companies reported that the power battery recycling industry standard is a blank in the country, and the market has no basis.

Traceability of battery life cycle

Before the retirement tide, Jiangsu, as a pilot area, was in full swing.

To prepare for a rainy day comes from the experience of the past. "There have been many problems in the scrapping and recycling of lead-acid batteries widely used in electric bicycles at present. At that time, many small merchants and peddlers recycled them, resulting in environmental problems such as private acid pouring and illegal smelting," Hu Zhengxin said.

On February 1, Jiangsu Province announced the Notice on Promoting the Pilot Work of Recycling and Utilization of New Energy Vehicle Power Battery in Jiangsu Province, which made it clear that by 2020, the provincial new energy vehicle power battery recycling system will be basically formed, and the new energy vehicle power battery in key areas will be basically recycled. Focusing on the four regions of Nanjing, Nantong, Yangzhou and Wuxi, Jiangsu has gradually built a full-life cycle value chain recycling system of power batteries that radiates the Yangtze River Delta, has different priorities, complements each other's advantages, and competes in an orderly manner. By the end of 2020, 34 projects are planned to be constructed in the four regions, with a total investment of 1.9 billion yuan.

In order to solve the problem of information asymmetry in the upstream and downstream of the industrial chain, the Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology is preparing to build a new energy vehicle power lithium-ion battery recycling industry alliance, which is jointly participated by new energy vehicle production companies, power lithium-ion battery production companies, new energy vehicle operation and maintenance companies, recycling and dismantling companies, and cascade utilization companies, to build a communication and coordination platform for the entire industrial chain.

Next, Jiangsu Province will develop the Jiangsu provincial power lithium-ion battery recycling information sharing platform, which will be connected with the data of the national battery traceability management platform in real time. Once the battery enters Jiangsu in the future, it can carry out the full life cycle traceability.

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