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Classification of lithium ion battery protection plates
1. From the overcharge and discharge function of the battery
If the battery charging and discharging performance is considered, the protection board can be roughly divided into two types. One is a single function, that is, a single overcharge protection for the battery, or an over-discharge protection for the battery. The other is a two-way protection, which has both overcharge and over-discharge functions. At present, the double-item protection board is more widely used than the single-item protection board.
2. From the combination of battery packs
The different series-parallel modes of lithium-ion battery packs also lead to the different protection plates of lithium-ion batteries. The battery packs can be roughly divided into series and parallel. The series battery packs are used to improve the overall voltage, while the parallel battery packs are used to improve the overall electrical capacity. Therefore, the lithium-ion battery protection plate is also divided into two types according to the two connection modes of the battery pack.
3. From the plate quality
Lithium-ion battery protection plate is divided into hard plate, commonly known as hard plate, which is most commonly used at present; The opposite is the soft board; There are also single-layer boards; Corresponding multilayer board; And double deck; These are the five basic plates.
4. From customer requirements
The lithium-ion battery protection panel is used in various categories, but the voltage and current requirements of the lithium-ion battery package are different in each category. It is precisely because of the different parameter requirements that the lithium-ion battery protection panel needs to change the internal components to change the detailed parameters of the protection panel.
Requirements for IC performance of lithium-ion battery protection board
① High accuracy of overcharge protection
When the lithium-ion battery has an overcharge state, the state of charge must be cut off in order to guard against the rise of internal pressure caused by temperature rise. The protection IC will test the battery voltage. When overcharging is detected, the power MOSFET of the overcharging test will turn it off and cut off the charging.
② Reduce power consumption of protection IC
With the increase of service time, the voltage of the charged lithium-ion battery will gradually decrease and finally fall below the standard value. At this time, it will be recharged. If the battery is used continuously without charging, it may not be used continuously due to excessive discharge. In order to guard against excessive discharge, the protection IC must test the battery voltage. Once the battery voltage reaches below the excessive discharge test voltage, the power MOSFET of the discharging party must be turned off to stop the discharge. However, at this time, the battery itself still has natural discharge and the current consumed by the protection IC, so the current consumed by the protection IC should be minimized.
③ High voltage resistance
When the high voltage battery pack is connected to the charger, high voltage will appear instantaneously, so the protection IC should meet the requirements of high voltage resistance.
④ Zero voltage rechargeable
Some batteries may be stored for too long or for abnormal reasons, resulting in low voltage to 0V, so the protection IC can also be charged at 0V.
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