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Technical parameters, advantages and disadvantages of UPS lead-acid battery. The quality of UPS battery is directly related to the reliability of the whole UPS system. However, the battery is the device with the shortest MTBF in the whole UPS system. If the user can use and maintain it correctly, it can extend its service life. On the contrary, its service life will be significantly shortened. The types of batteries are generally composed of lead-acid batteries, lead-acid maintenance-free batteries and nickel-cadmium batteries.

Technical parameters of UPS lead-acid battery

UPS lead-acid battery is one of the most important equipment in the energy storage power station, with the cost accounting for about 80% of the system. The technical parameters of the battery are very important to the system design. The following is an example of lead-carbon lead-acid battery to explain the key parameters of the battery, such as capacity, discharge depth, cycle number, etc. When selecting and designing the battery and inverter, pay attention to the maximum charge and discharge current of the battery.

1. Battery capacity

The capacity of UPS battery is determined by the amount of active substances in the battery, which is usually expressed in ampere-hour Ah or milliampere-hour mAh. For example, the nominal capacity of 250Ah (10hr, 1.80V/monomer, 25 ℃) refers to the capacity discharged when the current of 25A is discharged for 10 hours at 25 ℃ to reduce the voltage of a single battery to 1.80V.

2. Rated voltage

The potential difference between the positive and negative poles of the UPS battery is called the rated voltage of the battery. The rated voltage of common lead-acid batteries is 2V, 6V and 12V. The single lead-acid battery is 2V, and the 12V battery is composed of six single batteries in series.

3. Maximum charge and discharge current

UPS lead-acid battery is bidirectional and has two states, charging and discharging. This current is limited. Different batteries have different maximum charging and discharging current. The battery charging current is generally expressed as a multiple of the battery capacity C. For example, if the battery capacity C=100Ah and the charging current is 0.15C, it is 0.15 × 100=15A。

4. Discharge depth and cycle life

During the use of UPS battery, the percentage of the discharged capacity of the battery in its rated capacity is called the discharge depth. The depth of discharge is closely related to the battery life. The deeper the depth of discharge, the shorter the charging life. UPS battery undergoes a charge and discharge, which is called a cycle. Under certain discharge conditions, the number of cycles that the UPS battery can withstand before working to a specified value of capacity is called cycle life.

The cycle times of UPS battery are different, and the traditional fixed lead-acid battery is about 500~600 times; Starting lead-acid battery is about 300~500 times; The cycle life of valve-regulated sealed lead-acid battery is 1000~1200 times. The deeper the daily discharge depth of the battery in long-term operation, the shorter the battery life; The shallower the discharge depth, the longer the battery life.

5. Battery energy

The energy of the battery refers to the electric energy that the battery can give under a certain discharge system, usually expressed in Watt-hours (Wh). The energy of the battery is divided into theoretical energy and actual energy. The energy of UPS battery is also related to temperature. The lower the temperature, the lower the battery activity and the lower the capacity. For example, at minus 20 degrees, the capacity is 60%, at zero degrees, the capacity is 82%, and at 40 degrees, the capacity is 106%.

Analysis of advantages and disadvantages of UPS battery

UPS lead-acid battery, as a device for storing electric energy, has been widely used due to its high electric potential energy, good charge-discharge reversibility, wide range of operating temperatures, rich and cheap raw materials, etc. Although lead-acid battery has these advantages, in the data center, large-scale use of lead-acid battery has also exposed its shortcomings. Its weight causes the machine room bearing problems, high maintenance requirements, and short relative life It is also rich in toxicity.

● High maintenance costs

The batteries used in current UPS products are usually called "maintenance-free lead-acid batteries". In fact, they should be inspected at least twice a year to ensure that they are free of corrosion, in good working condition and connected tightly between single batteries.

● Unforeseen hidden danger of reliability

In order to ensure the reliability of UPS battery, the only way is to monitor the battery. However, each detection of the battery will reduce its capacity and shorten its service life. Although the most modern UPS built-in battery detection method can reduce this wear, it has not been eliminated.

● High replacement cost

The service life of sealed lead-acid batteries is generally 4 to 5 years, while the service life of UPS is generally 2 to 3 times that of them. Therefore, in a complete life cycle of UPS, the data center should also include the cost of replacing battery packs in the initial budget.

● Low energy density

UPS lead-acid battery is relatively heavy and bulky. The battery pack of a typical medium-sized UPS is about 5 to 8 tons. The placement and load bearing should be considered.

The above is the analysis of technical parameters, advantages and disadvantages of UPS lead-acid battery. The performance of UPS host is very important, and the selection of UPS battery in the machine room cannot be ignored, because the battery and UPS are used together.

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