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Due to people's limited understanding of the use of lead-acid batteries, errors may occur to some extent. The previous generation of lead-acid batteries had many issues with lifespan, safety, and more!
Traditional lead-acid batteries have high terminal voltage and low internal resistance due to the presence of many chemical reactants and aging technology, while old batteries have low terminal voltage and high internal resistance. Generally, the internal resistance of a new 12V battery is 0.015-0.018 ohms, while the internal resistance of an old battery is mostly above 0.085 ohms. If new and old batteries are used in series, the charging voltage at both ends of the old battery will be higher than that at both ends of the new battery in the charging state, resulting in the new battery not being fully charged while the old battery is already too high. In the discharging state, due to the larger capacity of the new battery than the old battery, the old battery may be over discharged, and even cause the old battery to reverse polarity and swell, causing side effects.
It will consume the electrical energy of the new battery, and also cause unstable voltage inside the appliance, as well as the danger of overuse of old batteries.
Three possible causes of explosion:
1. High internal pressure of the battery causes the battery shell to explode
According to the working principle of lead-acid batteries, it is known that during the charging process, especially at the end of charging, water decomposes into hydrogen and oxygen due to overcharging. Short circuits, severe sulfurization, and a sharp rise in electrolyte temperature during charging can cause a large amount of water to evaporate. At this time, if the ventilation hole of the liquid filling hole cover is blocked, due to too much gas to overflow, the internal technical structure of the battery before the implementation of the new national standard for batteries will be simple, and the pressure will rise very high, causing deformation of the battery slot. When the internal pressure reaches a certain level, it will burst from the joint of the battery slot cover or other weak points, which is a physical process. When the internal pressure of the battery exceeds 0.25MPa, the battery will explode, and the explosion location is at the junction of the hot air on the slot cover or at the corner where stress concentration occurs.
Explosion of batteries caused by hydrogen gas encountering open flames
The explosion limit of a mixture of H2 and O2 is 4% -96% of the volume of the mixture, and the explosion limit of a mixture of H2 and air is 4% -74% of the volume of the mixture. If 80% of the overcharge is used for electrolyzing water, and the H2 content inside the battery is greater than the explosive range, when the hydrogen content in the battery or air accumulates to the explosive limit, an explosion will occur when exposed to an open flame, which is a chemical reaction.
Research has found that the explosion of batteries belongs to the branch chain explosion reaction. This type of explosion occurs too often in situations of overcharging. If there are virtual welding points in the internal terminals, wall penetrations, etc. of the battery, the probability of battery explosion is higher. A qualified battery will not undergo self heating and explosion reactions under normal usage conditions. When the charging voltage of the battery is higher than 14.4V for gasoline vehicles and 28.8V for diesel vehicles, explosion may occur under the condition of simultaneous ignition. Through inspection of vehicles with battery explosions, it was found that most voltage regulators had defects and the batteries were in a severe overcharge state.
Due to the blockage of the exhaust hole in traditional lead-acid batteries, the battery first bursts, causing vibration and sparks due to loose pole connections, resulting in an explosion.

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