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Introduction: We still have many new types of batteries waiting to break the pattern. Now let's take a look at the new battery technology together.

OFweek Lithium ion Communication Battery is a device that directly converts the energy generated by chemical reactions into electrical energy. It has the characteristics of stable voltage, stable current, long-term stable power supply, minimal external influence, simple structure, convenient portability, easy charging and discharging operation, stable and reliable performance, which brings a lot of convenience to modern social life.

In 1800, Italian scientist Volta made Volta stacks by contacting different metals with electrolytes, which is considered the first power supply device in human history. Humans have successively invented lead-acid batteries, zinc manganese dioxide dry batteries with NH4Cl electrolyte, cadmium nickel batteries, iron nickel batteries, alkaline zinc manganese batteries, and lithium-ion batteries.

As the topic of the explosion of Samsung Note7 continues to ferment, the battery, once the mastermind behind it, has once again become the focus of our attention. Many people are inevitably worried that we will have to spend a long, long time with lithium batteries that are close to their performance limits? The answer is of course negative. In fact, we have many new types of batteries waiting to break the pattern. Now let's take a look at the new battery technology together.

1. Domestic Super Battery Debuts

Recently, Extreme Power Technology (Tianjin) Co., Ltd. showcased a super battery with terrifying range and charging ability, which can be fully charged in just 3-5 minutes.

From the illustration, we can see that the batteries are designed in a cylindrical shape, neatly arranged in a row. This design ensures that there are gaps in the middle of each battery for easy heat dissipation.

Wei Zhe, Chairman of Extreme Power, introduced that this type of super battery is mainly used in buses and cranes for lifting containers at ports. An electric bus requires 297 batteries.

He said, "Our battery belongs to nickel hydrogen batteries. Although it cannot be as thin and light as lithium batteries in terms of volume and weight, it is definitely much better than lithium batteries in terms of safety and charging ability

It is understood that at room temperature of 20-40 ℃, a super battery only takes 3-5 minutes to charge once and has a lifespan of 5-8 years. When on a hybrid bus, whenever the vehicle brakes, the super battery can recover energy, which means it can automatically complete charging. It is estimated that after using super batteries, the fuel saving rate of a hybrid bus can reach about 40%.

In addition, battery safety is better than lithium batteries. Super batteries have undergone a series of experiments such as needle punching, squeezing, high temperature, and falling, and are not as prone to explosion as lithium batteries.

2. Honda's commercial magnesium battery has arrived

Recently, Honda has partnered with a research and development team to develop the world's first magnesium rechargeable battery that can be practically applied. It is understood that the cost of magnesium is 96% lower than lithium, and in addition, it has a longer battery life. Japanese media reports suggest that the new battery may become a disruptive product. After installing the new battery, smartphones and other devices can last longer on a single charge.

According to reports, the Saitama Industrial Technology Center (Saitec) in Japan is leading this research and development activity, and Honda's R&D team has evaluated the feasibility of the battery in Wakamatsu City. Developers expect that magnesium batteries will initially be commercially used in smartphones and other portable devices. Magnesium battery developers hope to sell their products before 2018. Honda and Saitec teams will showcase batteries at next month's Chiba (near Tokyo, Japan) Science Conference.

It is reported that researchers have encountered the same difficulties when using magnesium in rechargeable batteries. During the process of charging, discharging, and discharging, the charging performance of magnesium deteriorates rapidly. Based on this, researchers have developed a new material vanadium oxide and coated it on the positive electrode. This makes it easier for ions to flow between vanadium oxide and magnesium negative electrode. Vanadium oxide can increase the charging frequency of magnesium and prevent degradation. To improve safety, researchers have added an organic substance that can reduce the risk of magnesium battery fires.

3. Lithium sulfur battery

Recently, the Japan Institute of Industrial Technology announced that it has jointly developed a lithium sulfur battery with Tsukuba University, which achieves long-term stable charge discharge cycle characteristics by using a metal organic framework as the battery separator. It is reported that after 1500 cycles of testing at a current density of 1C (the current value at the end of discharge after 1 hour of constant current discharge), this lithium sulfur battery can still maintain a charging capacity of up to 900mAh/g.

Lithium sulfur batteries using sulfur as the positive electrode have the characteristic of high positive electrode capacity (theoretical value of 1675mAh/g), and are highly anticipated as a new generation of batteries. When the solar powered airplane made its maiden flight in 2008, lithium sulfur batteries were used. During the day, the photovoltaic panels on the solar powered airplane only provided the ability for flight and charged its lithium sulfur batteries to maintain the power needed for night flight.

4. Solid state lithium battery

The main difference between solid-state lithium batteries and ordinary lithium-ion batteries is that they replace traditional organic electrolytes with solid-state electrolytes. Traditional lithium-ion rechargeable batteries using organic electrolytes may experience overheating, spontaneous combustion, and even explosion due to abnormalities such as overcharging and internal short circuits. Solid state lithium batteries using solid-state electrolytes not only greatly improve safety, but also have significant improvements in service life and energy density.

Due to the absence of liquid inside solid-state lithium batteries, the problem of any liquid leakage is eliminated, and the volume and weight are reduced compared to traditional lithium batteries. At the same time, the adaptability is stronger, which is very advantageous for the application of solid-state lithium batteries in the fields of energy storage and new energy vehicles. At present, both the scientific research and industrial sectors are developing and producing solid-state lithium batteries, which are regarded as the most promising new generation battery products.

5. New type of flow battery

Compared to conventional rechargeable batteries, flow batteries have a larger scale because their form and function are different from common lithium-ion batteries. In a flow battery unit, the liquid electrolyte circulates in two container bodies, which are separated by a thin film. Ion crossing through the membrane achieves charge transfer, and the entire process is similar to the power generation principle of hydrogen fuel cells. Liquid flow battery packs have higher safety than lithium-ion batteries, and even if they are left for a long time, there will be no loss of electrical energy. Therefore, they are very suitable for storing renewable energy such as solar and wind energy.

Researchers at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) in the United States have developed a novel organic flow battery using low-cost and sustainable synthetic molecules. Its production cost has been reduced by about 60% compared to common vanadium flow batteries, which also gives the new flow battery a huge advantage in the field of energy storage.

6. Liquid metal battery

Liquid metal batteries convert chemical energy into electrical energy through the oxidation-reduction reaction of liquid metal. The liquid state of the metal is a characteristic of this battery. By utilizing the fluidity of the liquid, liquid metal batteries have high rate charging and discharging performance and the scalability of the battery system. This also enables liquid metal batteries to meet both energy and power applications, and has broad prospects for large-scale energy storage.

A group of researchers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology has developed a new type of all liquid metal battery system, which is inexpensive and has a long service life. According to the research team, this device can enable renewable energy sources such as wind and solar to compete with traditional energy sources.

7. Leaf green battery

A team of researchers from the University of Maryland has recently developed an inexpensive new material that will serve as the negative electrode in a new generation of batteries. In the experiment, the team found that after oak leaves were heated to 1000 degrees Celsius, their carbon based structure would be disrupted, and the remaining material could contain electrolytes. At present, the team is still testing other natural materials, including peat soil and banana peels.

8. Fast charging graphene battery

As is well known, the lifespan of batteries gradually shortens with the increase of charging and discharging cycles, and researchers at Swinburne University of Technology in Australia are trying to solve this problem. They have developed a new type of graphene battery, which not only has super fast charging ability (a few seconds), but also has extraordinary durability. The researchers have set a lifetime for its use. The application of graphene material overcomes all the shortcomings of traditional batteries, and this product is also very environmentally friendly and cost-effective.

9. A battery made of sugar

A team from Virginia Tech has developed a battery made of sugar, which has the advantage of super strong battery life. Researchers have isolated maltitol from sugar, which is the energy source of this new type of battery. After maltose comes into contact with air, the battery will release electrons to generate electricity. Due to the low cost and large inventory of sugar, this new battery has a lower cost, and most importantly, it has biodegradable properties.

10. A rechargeable nanowire battery

This battery was accidentally discovered by researchers at the University of California, making traditional lithium batteries useless. The R&D team used gold to create nanowires, which were then combined with new materials. This combination significantly increased the battery's charging and discharging times, while the battery performance did not deteriorate with increasing charging times.

11. Self destruct battery

The self destruct battery is not aimed at the mass market, but it can excel in special fields, and it also overcomes the problem of environmental pollution caused by disposable batteries in the past. This battery was developed by Iowa State University and is mainly used for special purposes. It can be detonated by light, heat, or liquid. In addition, even if it enters the water after detonation, it will not cause pollution to the water body.

12. Edible saltwater battery

This battery has taken the concept of environmental protection to the extreme. In order to justify its own battery, AquionEnergy's Witkri actually gnawed off a battery and ate it (definitely not very tasty). The components of this battery are made of bio derived materials, which may be dust, cotton, carbon, or saltwater before transforming into a battery. However, this battery is not designed for mobile devices. It is intended for "big business" purposes, such as serving as a backup power source for homes or companies, and is powered by environmentally friendly wind or solar energy.

Summary

Due to significant limitations and bottlenecks in the utility of lithium-ion batteries, such as energy density, safety, and cost. I believe that with the development of new technologies, new types of batteries will continue to compete with lithium-ion batteries in the market in the future. Of course, the market battle for new and old batteries may take some time, but in the future, new battery technology will bring a safer user experience at a lower cost.

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