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When the continuous discharge current is generally less than 200A, the maximum voltage of the battery pack does not exceed 100V, and the customer has no special requirements for battery information communication, ordinary protection board solutions can be used. The performance requirements for the protective board are as follows:

Balance function

1.1 Common balancing functions: A. Terminal balancing function; B、 Real time voltage difference balancing function.

1.1.1 Ternary lithium batteries do not use the A balancing function, and can choose the B balancing function.

1.1.2 Lithium iron phosphate batteries should adopt B balance function as much as possible; A balancing function can be selected, with a fixed point voltage of 3.50? 3.60V.

1.1.3 Balance current of 30? 100mA. The heating temperature rise of the balancing circuit shall not exceed 40 degrees.

1.2 Temperature detection and protection

1.2.1 The preferred charging temperature range is from 0 to 45 degrees Celsius. If it exceeds the normal temperature range, charging will be stopped. The temperature detection accuracy is ± 5 degrees Celsius. Optional high temperature 45 ± 5 protection for charging.

1.2.2 Optimal discharge normal temperature range? 20~60. If the temperature exceeds the normal range, the discharge will stop, and the temperature detection accuracy is ± 5. Optional discharge high temperature protection of 65 ± 5.

1.3 Charging Overcharge Protection

1.3.1 Lithium cobalt oxide, overcharge protection voltage of ternary material single cell battery 4.20? 4.25V, overcharge protection voltage accuracy of 25mV.

1.3.2 Overcharge protection voltage of lithium iron phosphate single cell battery 3.70? 3.90V, overcharge protection voltage accuracy of 25mV.

1.3.3 The overcharge protection voltage of a single lithium titanate battery is 2.80V-2.90V, with an accuracy of 50mV.

1.4 Discharge over discharge protection

Is the over discharge protection of lithium iron phosphate battery cells 2.0? 2.5V, over discharge protection voltage accuracy of 80mV.

1.4.2 Lithium cobalt oxide, the over discharge protection of ternary material battery cells is 2.5? 3.0V, over discharge protection voltage accuracy of 80mV. According to the battery cell specification, the over discharge protection voltage is defined.

1.4.3 The over discharge protection of lithium titanate battery cells is 1.4-1.5V, and the over discharge protection voltage accuracy is 80mV. Adjust the over discharge protection voltage according to the actual situation.

1.5 Overcurrent protection

1.5.1 Discharge overcurrent protection is equipped, and the overcurrent protection delay value is defined according to specific projects.

1.5.2 Charging overcurrent protection is equipped, and the overcurrent protection delay value is defined according to specific projects.

1.6 Short circuit protection

1.6.1 Output short circuit protection is equipped, and the delay value of short circuit protection is defined according to specific projects.

1.7 Self consumption design

1.7.1 Ordinary hardware protection board, self power consumption requirement<100uA.

1.7.2 Protection boards with special functions such as electrical communication require a self consumption of less than 200uA. Special projects with self consumption greater than 200uA shall be adjusted by engineers according to project requirements.

1.8 Internal resistance during conduction

1.8.1 The conduction internal resistance of the protective board is defined according to the specific product, and the full load temperature rise is less than 40 degrees.

1.9 Continuous Current

1.9.1 Rated continuous discharge current, with a temperature rise of less than 40 degrees for all components.

1.9.2 Maximum continuous discharge current, operating at the maximum continuous discharge current without protection for 20 seconds, with a temperature rise of less than 50 degrees for all components.

1.9.3 Continuous charging current, with a temperature rise of less than 25 degrees for all components.

1.10 Temperature rise

1.10.1 The maximum temperature rise of heating elements such as resistors and MOSFETs should be less than 50 ℃, and discharge and charge at the maximum current that can continue to operate.

1.11 Output anti reverse connection function

1.11.1 Optional protection board output with anti reverse connection function

1.12 Voltage resistance

When the charging voltage at the input terminal is 1.2 times higher than the normal charging voltage, the protection board must not be damaged.

1.13 Fuse

1.13.1 The circuit is equipped with a FUSE fuse, and the continuous operating current of the FUSE fuse is 1.25 times the normal operating current? 1.7 times, and the FUSE fuse cannot be turned off during the overcurrent protection of PCM.

1.14 Conductor current carrying capacity, color labeling, and wire number labeling

1.14.1 The current carrying capacity of the wire is designed based on a long-term load current of 4A per square copper core wire

1.14.2 The positive electrode of battery charging and discharging is defined as red; The negative electrode of battery charging and discharging is defined as black;

1.14.3 Different potentials of voltage detection lines need to be distinguished by color, and the colors of batteries with less than 8 strings (including 8 strings) are not allowed to be repeated; Determine the color type of batteries with more than 8 strings according to the specific situation of the project, for example, 5 colors can be used to indicate 10 strings of batteries; Arrange 5 different voltages and repeat the sorting process; The auxiliary line number marking can ensure the foolproof and reliable wiring.

1.14.4 Voltage detection lines, wire harnesses with different potentials need to be distinguished and described by wire numbers. The wire numbers are arranged in order from high potential to low potential: 1, 2, 3, 4; A wire harness with a plug, the plug end may not be labeled with a wire number, while the terminal must be labeled with a wire number; Wiring harnesses without plugs need to be labeled with wire numbers at both ends for error prevention.

Design of Lithium Battery Management System

The battery management system is closely integrated with the battery, constantly detecting the voltage, current, and temperature of the battery, as well as conducting leakage detection, thermal management, battery balance management, alarm reminders, calculating remaining capacity and discharge power, reporting SOC&SOH status, and using algorithms to control the maximum output power based on the voltage, current, and temperature of the battery, and using algorithms to control the charger for optimal charging flow,

Real time communication with the main controller, energy control system, display system, etc. through communication bus interface.

Functions of lithium battery BMS system

The general BMS management system has the following functions, and different projects can flexibly adjust parameters and functions according to the situation;

1) Thermal management (high and low temperature detection and protection); Generally, projects that do not involve low-temperature charging should avoid heating management as much as possible; Try to use physical measures such as air cooling or water cooling for overall heat dissipation;

2) Balanced management; There are two types of balancing: active balancing and passive balancing. Products with larger capacity should prioritize active balancing.

3) Capacity calculation SOC; By combining the battery discharge curve with the load voltage and current, the SOC is dynamically estimated by integrating the current; The power battery should be controlled within a 10% error margin; Energy storage batteries should be controlled within a 5% error margin;

4) Alarm reminder; Display various information of the battery pack (voltage, current, temperature, SOC, charging status, charging faults, etc.) on the display screen, or transmit it to the upper computer through communication; When a fault occurs, the buzzer will sound an alarm prompt to the user, and the specific fault type will be displayed on the screen at the same time; Adjustments can also be made based on customer requirements and the actual situation of the project.

5) Power detection; Generally, it is necessary to upload the operating conditions to the upper computer for analysis.

6) Voltage detection; By isolating and amplifying the voltage of each connected unit, real-time detection of the voltage of each unit is achieved. The voltage detection range is 0-5V, and the detection accuracy is ± 5mV.

7) SOC&SOH state detection; Based on the various performance indicators detected during inspection, the health status of the battery can be analyzed.

8) Display system; Capable of displaying voltage, current, temperature, SOC, charging status, charging faults, etc.

9) Communication function; Design communication types and functions according to customer requirements.

10) Leakage detection;

11) Optimal charging current control;

12) System self-test;

Summary: The above is an introduction to the selection principles of lithium battery protection boards (BMS) brought to you by lithium battery manufacturer JuDa Lithium Battery.

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