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In people's daily lives, electric vehicles are often used, and they can be said to be the most important means of transportation in modern times; For electric vehicles, the most important core component is the electric vehicle battery. People often see descriptions about battery capacity on electric vehicle batteries. So how to measure the battery capacity of electric vehicles? Now let me introduce to you:

Rated capacity refers to the minimum amount of electricity that a battery should discharge under certain discharge conditions when designed and manufactured, often referred to as nominal capacity. It is worth noting that the capacity of a battery is determined by the capacity of one of its electrodes, rather than the sum of the positive and negative capacities. Therefore, the actual capacity of a battery depends on the electrode with the smaller capacity. Generally, in actual production, if the negative electrode capacity is excess, then the positive electrode capacity limits the capacity of the entire battery. This is what everyone needs to know before understanding how to measure the capacity of electric vehicle batteries.

The method for measuring battery capacity is basically the same as the method for testing battery discharge performance, including constant current discharge, constant resistance discharge, constant voltage discharge, constant voltage and current discharge, continuous discharge, and intermittent discharge. The capacity of the battery can be calculated based on the discharge time and the magnitude of the current. The following mainly introduces the constant current discharge method:

The discharge capacity of the constant current method is closely related to the discharge current, and factors such as discharge temperature, charging system, and shelf life can all affect the capacity. Under the same discharge system, different charging systems have different charging efficiency for batteries, so the discharge capacity of batteries will also differ. Similarly, under the same charging system, there will be a 2% to 5% difference in the discharge capacity test between 10 minutes and 1 hour of storage, depending on the self discharge performance of the battery.

In the discharge process of testing capacity using the constant resistance method, the discharge current is not a constant value. The discharge starts with a higher current and then gradually decreases. The larger the discharge resistance, the smaller the discharge current, the smaller the voltage drop generated, the slower the working voltage drop, the flatter the discharge curve, and the larger the discharge capacity.

Through the above introduction, I believe everyone has a clear understanding of how to measure the capacity of electric vehicle batteries

The national standard for the capacity of electric vehicle batteries is a two-hour discharge rate, which means that no matter how large the battery is, it will be discharged in two hours. For example, if you discharge it at a current of 5A per hour for two hours, the capacity of this battery is 10AH. If you discharge it at a current of 10A per hour for two hours, the capacity of this battery is 20AH. Some non-standard batteries are labeled this way, which means they are not discharged according to national standards. They are discharged for 5 hours at a current of 2.4A per hour. A current of 2.4A is of no use to electric vehicles. So when purchasing batteries, be sure to pay attention to this symbol (5hr). If there is no such symbol, it is a national standard. With this symbol, there's no need for me to say it!

The capacity is all written on the battery, and you can tell it by looking at it. It looks like this. 6-DZM-14. This indicates that the battery is 14AH, 6-DZM-12 is 12AH, and 6-DZM-10 is 10AH. 6-DZM represents lead-acid type batteries, and the following numbers represent capacity. There are also 17AH.20AH batteries

Below, I will introduce some scientific tips for using electric vehicles as a whole

1、 How can batteries be used to extend their lifespan?

Experienced users know that the cost of batteries is the biggest consumption of electric bicycles, so users are very concerned about extending the service life of batteries. Firstly, it should be assumed that there is no problem with the charger, and whether the user uses it correctly is crucial for the battery's lifespan. The precautions for using batteries are as follows

Protect the charger. The general user manual contains instructions on protecting the charger. Many users do not have the habit of reading the manual, and often only think of looking for it after the problem is solved. It is often too late, so it is necessary to read the manual first. In order to reduce costs, most current chargers have not been designed with high vibration resistance. Therefore, chargers should not be placed in the trunk and basket of electric bicycles. In special circumstances, it is necessary to move the charger and wrap it in a soft material such as a raincoat to prevent vibration and bumps. After many chargers undergo vibration, their internal potentiometers will drift, causing the entire parameter to drift, resulting in abnormal charging status. Another thing to note is to keep the charger ventilated during charging, otherwise it may not only affect the lifespan of the charger, but also cause thermal drift and affect the charging state. This will cause damage to the battery. So, protecting the charger is also very important

Charge it in a timely manner every day, even if your driving ability is not required to be long and can be used for 2 to 3 days with just one charge. However, it is still recommended that you charge it every day to keep the battery in a shallow cycle state, which will prolong its lifespan. Some early mobile phone users thought that it was best to charge the battery after it was basically used up. This view is incorrect, as the memory benefits of lead-acid batteries are not as strong. Frequent discharge has a significant impact on the lifespan of the battery. Most chargers may charge 97% to 99% of the battery after the indicator light changes to indicate full charge. Although only 1% to 3% of the battery is under charged, the impact on the driving ability can be almost ignored. However, it can also form under charging accumulation. Therefore, after the battery is fully charged, it is still advisable to continue floating charging as much as possible, which is also beneficial for suppressing battery vulcanization.

Charge in a timely manner. After the battery is discharged, the vulcanization process begins, and obvious vulcanization occurs within 12 hours. Timely charging can remove minor sulfurization. If not charged in time, these sulfurization crystals will accumulate and gradually form coarse crystals. General chargers are powerless against these coarse crystals, which will gradually lead to a decrease in battery capacity and shorten the battery's service life. So, in addition to charging every day, it is also important to pay attention to charging as early as possible after use, in order to keep the battery fully charged as much as possible.

Many electric bicycle dealers can provide battery maintenance and repair services by fully utilizing maintenance conditions, and these services should be fully utilized. Some brands of electric bicycles propose battery maintenance. For example, regular maintenance of the battery can reduce damage to the battery. Repairing the state of charge of the battery can alleviate the failure of outdated batteries, which is easy for dealers equipped with repair capabilities. For dehydration, replenishing water at 70% battery capacity is more effective than replenishing water at 40% battery capacity. Even some brands of products propose that not repairing the battery within the specified time is equivalent to giving up the battery's warranty period. Causing consumers to suffer losses that should not have occurred. Therefore, consumers should fully utilize the conditions of battery maintenance to extend and increase the service life of batteries.

Through these methods, users can greatly extend the service life of batteries. Some users have relatively short driving range, longer battery life, and some issues are relatively difficult to detect. So, the "deep discharge" measure mentioned in Article 4 is also an effective way to timely detect battery problems. Don't wait until the battery problem becomes severe and it becomes difficult to handle.

Proper maintenance can prolong battery life and save more investment. Please note that the battery must be securely installed first to prevent vibration damage during cycling. Otherwise, driving on bumpy roads may cause the battery to shake or even fall off, resulting in damage. Secondly, it is necessary to regularly check whether the battery connection wires and joints are secure, and whether there is good contact between the wires and joints. Otherwise, it may lead to the generation of electric sparks, which can seriously cause battery explosions.

2、 Precautions for electric vehicle maintenance

1. Frequent Charging - Lead acid batteries should maintain the habit of charging as needed and should not wait until the battery runs out before charging, as this can affect the battery's lifespan. If not used for a long time, charge once a month. Please use the matching dedicated charger for charging.

2. Maintain more - in case of rain and accumulated water, do not let the water flood the center of the wheel hub; Turn off the power switch in a timely manner when getting off the car, and ensure that the tires are fully inflated during normal times; Under heavy loads such as uphill and windward conditions, use foot pedals to assist; If there is a malfunction, promptly send it to the manufacturer's designated maintenance department for repair.

3. Frequent lubrication - Depending on usage, components such as the front axle, rear axle, center axle, flywheel, front fork, and suspension pivot should be cleaned and lubricated every six months to one year (molybdenum disulfide grease is recommended). The transmission components inside the electric wheel hub have been coated with special lubricating oil, so users do not need to scrub and lubricate themselves

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