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Introduction to the manufacturing process and raw materials for lithium batteries. At present, the most commonly used lithium batteries in the market are lithium iron phosphate batteries and ternary lithium batteries. The difference in positive electrode raw materials between the two is significant, and the production process flow is relatively similar, but the process parameters need to change significantly. The production process of lithium batteries is quite complex, and in this article, the editor will introduce the fight.

1、 Lithium battery manufacturing process flow:

Lithium battery manufacturing process: The first, middle, and last three processes account for nearly 35%/30%/35%. The main production process mainly covers the stirring and coating stage (front stage) of electrode production, the winding and liquid injection stage (middle stage) of cell synthesis, and the packaging testing stage (rear stage) of chemical packaging. The value (purchase amount) accounts for approximately (35-40%): (30-35)%: (30-35)%. The differences mainly come from differences in equipment suppliers, import/domestic proportion differences, etc. The process flow is basically the same, and there is a deviation in the value to quantity ratio, but overall it conforms to this proportion.

Objectively speaking, the production process of lithium batteries can be divided into three stages: electrode fabrication, battery cell fabrication, and battery assembly. In the production process of lithium batteries, electrode fabrication is the foundation, cell fabrication is the core, and battery assembly is related to the quality of lithium battery products. The specific steps in the production process of lithium batteries include positive electrode slurry, negative electrode slurry, positive electrode plate, negative electrode plate, steel shell assembly, liquid injection and testing, and packaging.

Lithium battery front-end production process: relationship between electrode manufacturing and battery core performance

The result of the front-end process of lithium batteries is the completion of the preparation of the positive and negative electrode plates. The first step is stirring, which means that the positive and negative electrode solid-state battery materials are mixed evenly and solvent is added, and stirred into a slurry through a vacuum mixer. The mixing of ingredients is the foundation of the subsequent lithium battery process, and high-quality mixing is the basis for the high-quality completion of subsequent coating and rolling processes.

After the coating and rolling process, it is divided, that is, the coating is subjected to a cutting process. If burrs are generated during the cutting process, safety hazards may arise during subsequent assembly, electrolyte injection, and even battery use. Therefore, the front-end equipment in the lithium battery production process, such as mixers, coating machines, roller presses, slitting machines, etc., are the core machines of battery manufacturing and are related to the quality of the entire production line. Therefore, the value (amount) of front-end equipment accounts for the highest proportion of the entire lithium battery automation production line, about 35%.

Lithium battery mid stage process flow: efficiency first, winding before stacking

In the manufacturing process of lithium batteries, the intermediate process mainly involves completing the formation of the battery. The main process flow includes slicing, pole winding, die-cutting, cell winding and lamination forming, etc. It is currently a highly competitive field among domestic equipment manufacturers, accounting for about 30% of the value of lithium battery production lines.

At present, there are two main manufacturing processes for power lithium batteries: winding and stacking. The corresponding battery structures are mainly cylindrical and square, and soft pack. Cylindrical and square batteries are mainly produced using winding technology, while soft pack batteries are mainly produced using stacking technology.

Process flow of lithium battery in the later stage: Capacity division is the core link

The production process of lithium batteries in the later stage mainly consists of four processes: capacity separation, formation, testing, and packaging, accounting for about 35% of the value of the production line. Formation and capacitance are the most important stages in the later stage of the process, which activate and detect the formed battery. Due to the long charging and discharging testing cycle of the battery, the value of the equipment is the highest. The main function of the formation process is to activate the battery cells after liquid injection packaging, while the volumetric process tests the battery capacity and other electrical performance parameters and grades them after battery activation. Formation and separation are usually completed by automated separation and separation systems, respectively.

Lithium battery pack process: seemingly simple but requires integration with systematic design

The power battery pack system is a battery pack that connects numerous individual battery cells in series or parallel, integrating power and thermal management hardware systems. Pack is the key to the production, design, and application of power battery systems, and is the core link connecting upstream battery cell production and downstream vehicle application. Usually, design requirements are proposed by battery cell factories or automobile factories, and are usually completed by battery factories, automobile factories, or third-party Pack factories.

The lithium battery pack production line is relatively simple, with core processes including loading, bracket pasting, welding, testing, and other processes. The core equipment includes laser welding machines and various pasting testing equipment. At present, major lithium battery equipment manufacturers have limited automation integration layouts in this field, while laser equipment manufacturers such as Daizu Laser and Lianying Laser have a higher market share in the Pack equipment field due to their absolute advantages in the laser field.

2、 Introduction to raw materials for lithium battery production:

The main raw materials for producing lithium batteries include lithium cobalt oxide, lithium nickel oxide, lithium manganese oxide, three raw materials, lithium iron phosphate, and so on.

The main components of lithium battery production materials include: positive electrode materials, negative electrode materials, separators, and electrolytes. In addition, it also includes other parts such as packaging. At present, the supply of lithium battery raw materials is sufficient, and some products have sufficient production capacity. The competition is fierce, and their market prices continue to decline; However, a small number of high-end products have insufficient production capacity, resulting in high prices of high-end raw material products. Overall, the lithium battery industry remains hot.

In fact, in the field of lithium-ion battery cathode materials, any small technological innovation may trigger a new round of market expansion. Chinese enterprises should strengthen the research and development of key technologies for cathode materials, gain an international leading position, enhance core competitiveness, and gain an advantage in international competition.

From this, it can be seen that each production link in the lithium battery production process is closely related to product quality and safety. Each link in the lithium battery production process must be strictly and meticulously managed in order to improve the safety performance of lithium battery products. There is an overall overcapacity in the middle and low end of lithium battery materials and a shortage of high-end products in demand. Lithium batteries are a new generation of green high-energy batteries with excellent performance, and have become one of the focuses of high-tech development.

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