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What three elements do ternary lithium battery materials refer to? In recent years, power lithium batteries using ternary materials as positive electrode materials have gradually replaced nickel hydrogen batteries, lithium cobalt oxide batteries, and lithium iron phosphate batteries with their advantages of high capacity, good cycle stability, and moderate cost, becoming the most mainstream battery in the current market.

What three elements do ternary lithium battery materials refer to?

The reason why ternary lithium batteries are called ternary lithium batteries is because their positive electrode materials use ternary polymers containing three metal elements: nickel, cobalt, manganese (or aluminum).

The ternary of ternary lithium batteries refers to three elements: nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), manganese (Mn). Among these three elements, nickel and cobalt are active metals, while manganese does not participate in electrochemical reactions. Generally speaking, the higher the content of active metal components, the larger the battery capacity. However, when the Ni content is too high, it can cause Ni2+to occupy the position of Li+, exacerbating cation mixing and leading to a decrease in capacity.

Co is also an active metal, but it can inhibit cation mixing and stabilize the layered structure of the material. Mn, as a non active metal, mainly plays a role in stabilizing reactions and improving safety. The nickel cobalt manganese ternary material can usually be expressed as LiNixCoyMnzO2, where x+y+z=1.

People have found that the proportion of nickel, cobalt, and manganese in the cathode material of ternary lithium batteries can be adjusted within a certain range, and its performance varies with the different proportion of nickel, cobalt, and manganese.

The ternary lithium battery material has been well applied in new energy vehicles due to its high energy density, which can better achieve range. For example, Tesla pure electric vehicles in the United States have successfully used the nickel cobalt aluminum lithium battery system manufactured by Panasonic in Japan. In recent years, with the rapid development of global new energy vehicles, the market share of ternary lithium battery materials will gradually increase.

Advantages of ternary lithium batteries

A material that is relatively balanced in terms of capacity and safety, with better cycling performance than normal lithium cobalt oxide. In the early stage, due to technical reasons, its nominal voltage was only 3.5-3.6V, which was limited in terms of usage range. However, so far, with the continuous improvement of formula and structure, the nominal voltage of ternary lithium batteries has reached 3.7V, which has reached or exceeded the level of lithium cobalt oxide batteries in terms of capacity.

The ternary material lithium battery is constantly modified in all aspects, with an increasing number of cycles. Currently, by appropriately increasing the cost, it can reach over 1500 cycles. Moreover, the safety performance of ternary material lithium batteries is also constantly improving, approaching lithium iron phosphate. The new nickel cobalt aluminum ternary material that has emerged in the past two years, although it has high environmental requirements in the battery manufacturing process, its stability and safety have been further improved, and it has been recognized and tested by multiple battery factories.

The voltage platform is high. The voltage platform is an important indicator of the energy density of ternary lithium batteries. The voltage platform of ternary lithium battery materials is significantly higher than that of lithium iron phosphate. The high line can reach 4.2 volts, and the discharge platform can reach 3.6 or 3.7 volts.

The characteristics of ternary lithium batteries are high energy density and higher voltage, so the same weight battery pack has a larger battery capacity, which allows the car to run farther and faster.

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