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Lithium batteries can be divided into several types: lithium-metal batteries, lithium-ion batteries, and lithium-polymer batteries. However, lithium-ion batteries can generally be regarded as lithium batteries; Nowadays, most of the batteries on the market are lithium batteries. The elimination of nickel batteries has a memory effect and causes significant environmental pollution, which is not in line with the slogan of environmental protection. Lithium ion batteries do not produce memory effects, which is their biggest advantage compared to nickel hydrogen batteries. Another characteristic is its small size and high capacity. So the nickel series batteries have been phased out.

1. A mobile phone battery consists of three parts: a battery cell, a protective circuit, and a casing. Currently, all mobile phone batteries are lithium-ion batteries (often referred to as lithium batteries in non-standard situations), and the positive electrode material is lithium cobalt oxide. The standard discharge voltage is 3.7V, the charging cutoff voltage is 4.2V, and the discharge cutoff voltage is 2.75V. The unit of electricity is Wh (watt hour), and since the standard discharge voltage of mobile phone batteries is 3.7V, mAh (milliampere hour) can also be used as a substitute. The conversion relationship between these two types of units on mobile phone batteries is: watt hours=ampere hours x 3.7.

2. Overcharging, over discharging, and short circuits can seriously damage the performance of the battery and may lead to usage risks. For this reason, mobile phone batteries generally have a slender protective circuit board to prevent these risks.

3. Chargers are divided into direct charging and seat charging. Direct charging converts 220 AC mains electricity into 5V DC electricity, which is then fed into the phone and used by the charging circuit of the phone to reduce the voltage to the battery. Generally, the phone is shipped when purchased. The seat charger is directly connected to the battery, converting the mains power into the required voltage for use by the battery.

4. If you want to use a seat charger, please try to choose original or high-quality products. If the quality of the charging circuit in a car charger is poor, there is a risk of charging.

5. Lithium ion batteries do not have memory effects, but they are inert and may experience passivation if not used for a long time. A few discharges can restore optimal performance.

6. Before charging, lithium batteries do not need to be specifically discharged. Some fast chargers only indicate 90% full when the indicator light changes, and the charger will automatically change to use slow charging to fully charge the battery. However, generally speaking, as long as the display is full, it can be removed.

7. To avoid damaging the battery life, it is best to charge slowly during charging; Time does not need to be too long.

8. Mobile phone batteries have self discharge, as over discharge can damage the battery. If the phone battery is not used for a long time, it should be ensured that the battery has a certain level of charge.

9. Although our phone is within the network coverage area, it is no longer able to accept and make calls when the phone is turned off and charged. At this point, we can use the unreachable transfer function of our phone to transfer it to the nearby landline phone to prevent call loss. This method is also applicable when the phone is not within the network coverage area or the signal is weak and temporarily unable to connect.

10. Do not expose the battery to high temperatures or extreme cold. During dog days, do not leave your phone in the car and expose it to the scorching sun; Or take it to an air-conditioned room and place it in a place with direct air conditioning. When charging, it is normal for the battery to be slightly hot, but it should not be allowed to endure the high temperature. To avoid this situation, it is best to charge at room temperature and do not cover anything on the phone.

11. When charging, the longer the time, the better. Poor quality batteries without protective circuits should be stopped from charging after being fully charged. If not used for a long time, the battery should be separated from the phone.

12. Newly purchased batteries do not need to be charged for 12 hours when used for the first time, but it is best to undergo a 3-5 hour full charge and discharge process. Full charge means normal charging to 100%, and full discharge means when the phone uses a low battery reminder. Because the battery needs to go through processes such as electrolyte filling, formation, charging and discharging, and capacity division before leaving the factory to activate the battery, but it takes at least a month or even a year to reach the user's hands after leaving the factory. Due to the impact of battery self discharge, the battery material becomes passive. At this time, the battery can be activated through full charging and discharging. [1]

When using lithium batteries, it should be noted that after being left for a period of time, the battery enters a sleep state. At this time, the capacity is lower than the normal value, and the usage time is also shortened. But lithium batteries are easy to activate, as they can be activated and restored to normal capacity after 3-5 normal charging and discharging cycles. Due to the inherent characteristics of lithium batteries, they have almost no memory effect. Therefore, the new lithium battery in the user's phone does not require special methods or devices during the activation process. Not only in theory, but from my own practice, it is best to use the standard method of charging from the beginning, which is a "natural activation" method.

Charging time

The mobile phone battery comes with a protective plate. This protective plate will automatically power off when the conditions are met

A. Overcharge protection. That is, the battery will automatically stop charging when fully charged

B. Overdischarge protection. This means that the battery will automatically stop discharging when it reaches 3.2V

C. Short circuit protection, which means that the battery will automatically disconnect if accidentally short circuited

That is to say, a typical battery is fully charged within 2-3 hours. After being fully charged, the charging circuit is actually disconnected, so it is meaningless

First charge

The first charging of the mobile phone battery

The first charging of the mobile phone battery

1. The origin of 12-14 hours: The first generation nickel cadmium batteries require low rate charging, and it is generally recommended to charge at 1/10C. For example, if your battery capacity is 600mAh, then 1C is 600mA, and 1/10C is 60mA. Therefore, it takes more than 10 hours to fully charge, and for nickel cadmium batteries, low rate charging is beneficial.

2. The battery situation of mobile phones in 2013: All phones use lithium-ion batteries, and the closest impression to us should be the 3210 released in 1999, equipped with nickel hydrogen batteries. We can no longer find phones around us that use nickel hydrogen batteries.

3. Knowledge of lithium-ion batteries: We only talk about the capacity aspect. There are two testing methods for measuring the capacity of a lithium-ion battery: 1C charging and 0.2C discharging; 0.2C charging and 0.2C discharging, regardless of the charging system used, should meet the standards. Because lithium-ion batteries are different from previous nickel cadmium batteries, 1C high rate charging is already acceptable and must be accepted. If a 600mAh battery is charged at 1C, it should be fully charged in about 1 hour. If direct charging of a mobile phone is designed like this (many are 0.5C-0.8C), 12-14 hours is absurd.

According to the national standard GB/T182872000, when the constant current is charged to 4.2V and the voltage is changed to constant, the charging is considered terminated when the current drops to 0.01C. For example, if the charging current of the charger is 0.5C and a 600mAh battery is charged, the charging current will drop to 6mAh after about 2 hours, and it is considered fully charged. Why did it drop to 0.01C? Because it's already full, this is a reflection of the battery cells. For nickel hydrogen batteries, national standards have also specified the indicators for high rate charging and discharging.

4. What is "activation"? The lithium-ion battery itself is "live". If the designed capacity is 600mAh, although I can charge it for 2 hours and then discharge it, I can obtain a capacity of 600mAh. Once the designed capacity is reached, it is enough. What is the problem of whether it will be live or not? The technical supervision department implements national standards, and the testing capacity is charged with 1C and then discharged. One out of five times, the capacity is considered qualified. So use it normally and charge it normally. Just use the new battery like this and don't worry about it not being activated.

5. Charging for 14 hours is: Most of the mobile phone batteries produced in 2012 are lithium-ion batteries, which can be directly charged with the phone. After about 2 hours, they are fully charged, and this step is the result of constant current charging; The remaining time for constant voltage charging, also known as trickle charging, allows the phone battery to have more capacity and longer standby time.

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