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The problems arising from the combination of high nickel materials and electrolytes are relatively complex to solve and have a high technical threshold. If a company does not have sufficient research and development capabilities, it is difficult to produce electrolyte products that match high nickel materials.

1. High specific energy type electrolyte

The pursuit of high specific energy is currently the biggest research direction for lithium-ion batteries, especially as mobile devices occupy an increasing proportion in people's lives, battery life has become the most critical performance.

As shown in the figure, the future development of high-energy density batteries will inevitably be high-voltage positive electrodes and silicon negative electrodes. Negative electrode silicon has attracted attention due to its enormous gram capacity, but due to its own swelling effect, it cannot be applied. In recent years, the research direction has shifted to silicon carbon negative electrodes, which have relatively high gram capacity and small volume changes. Different film-forming additives have different cycling effects on silicon carbon negative electrodes.

2. High power electrolyte

At present, it is difficult for commercialized lithium-ion batteries to achieve high rate continuous discharge, mainly due to severe heating of the battery terminals and internal resistance, which leads to the overall temperature of the battery being too high and easily causing thermal runaway. Therefore, it is necessary for the electrolyte to suppress the rapid heating of the battery while maintaining high conductivity. For power batteries, achieving fast charging is also an important direction for the development of electrolytes.

High power batteries not only require high solid-phase diffusion of electrode materials, nanomaterialization to shorten ion migration paths, control electrode thickness and compaction, but also higher requirements for electrolytes: 1. high dissociation electrolyte salts; 2. Solvent compounding - lower viscosity; 3. Interface control - lower membrane impedance.

3. Wide temperature electrolyte

Batteries are prone to electrolyte self decomposition and intensified side reactions between materials and electrolyte components at high temperatures; At low temperatures, electrolyte salt may precipitate and the negative electrode SEI membrane impedance may increase exponentially. The so-called wide temperature electrolyte is to provide a wider working environment for batteries. The following figure shows the boiling point comparison chart and solidification comparison chart of various solvents.

4. Safety electrolyte

The safety of batteries is mainly reflected in combustion and even explosion. Firstly, batteries themselves have combustibility. Therefore, when the battery is overcharged, over discharged, short circuited, or subjected to external puncture or compression, or when the external temperature is too high, it may cause safety accidents. Therefore, flame retardancy is a major direction in the research of safe electrolytes.

The flame retardant function is obtained by adding flame retardant additives to conventional electrolytes, usually using phosphorus or halogenated flame retardants. It is required that the flame retardant additives are reasonably priced and do not damage the performance of the electrolyte. In addition, the use of room temperature ionic liquids as electrolytes has also entered the research stage, completely excluding the use of flammable organic solvents in batteries. Moreover, ionic liquids have the characteristics of extremely low vapor pressure, good thermal/chemical stability, and non flammability, which will greatly improve the safety of lithium-ion batteries.

5. Long cycle electrolyte

Due to the significant technical difficulties in the recycling of lithium batteries, especially power batteries, improving the lifespan of batteries is one way to alleviate this situation.

There are two main research ideas for long-cycle electrolytes. Firstly, the stability of the electrolyte, including thermal stability, chemical stability, and voltage stability; The second is the stability with other materials, which requires stable film formation with the electrode, no oxidation with the diaphragm, and no corrosion with the current collector.

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