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The hot pre-sale of Tesla model 3 has made people focus on new energy vehicles again. The significance for the lithium battery industry lies in the new materials used for power batteries. It is reported that the Model 3 battery technology uses silicon carbon negative electrode, with an energy density of 300wh/kg and a range of 346km. The improvement of endurance mileage is due to the fact that the specific capacity of silicon material is much larger than that of graphite material, and the specific capacity directly reflects the power of the battery per unit weight.
At present, the theoretical capacity of graphite anode materials used in the market is 372mAh/g, and that of silicon carbon composite materials is about 4200mAh/g, more than 10 times higher than that of graphite anode materials. The high capacity of silicon carbon anode materials can fully meet the energy requirements of pure power vehicle battery, but the huge material volume expansion effect caused by the charging and discharging process of silicon based lithium ion battery makes it difficult to industrialize. The application of silicon carbon anode in Model3 battery technology is an important breakthrough in the industrialization of silicon carbon anode materials. It is reported that 10% silicon is added to the negative electrode material, and the energy density reaches 300wh/kg. With the advancement of technology, silicon carbon negative electrode material is expected to further improve the capacity of lithium battery. Inorganic silicon materials (silicon or silicon oxide is used as the cathode) have made a significant contribution to the capacity of lithium batteries. Can another important member of silicon materials, organic silicon materials with excellent performance, also help new energy vehicles to continue?
Organic silicon takes Si-O bond as the main chain structure, and the side chain is connected with other organic groups through silicon atoms. The bond energy of the Si-O bond in the organic silicon is far greater than that of the C-C bond, so the organic silicon product has high thermal stability, and the chemical bond of the molecule does not break or decompose under high temperature (or radiation exposure). It can withstand high and low temperatures and can be used in a wide temperature range. At the same time, there is no double bond in the main chain, which is not easy to be decomposed by ultraviolet light and ozone. Due to its special composition and molecular structure, organosilicon integrates the functions of organic and inorganic substances, and has excellent high and low temperature resistance, weather resistance, electrical insulation, biocompatibility, etc. Organic silicon materials have been widely used in civil areas such as architecture, electronics and electrical, chemical industry, and even in special, cutting-edge technology, special technology departments and other fields. For example, it can be applied to outer space with extreme conditions or Siberia or Sahara with extreme cold and heat.
temperature control
The carbonate in the electrolyte of lithium battery has a high melting point. Generally, when the temperature is lower than - 20 ℃, the battery cannot work normally; When the temperature is too high, the battery diaphragm will melt, causing short circuit and battery fire. The battery can achieve its best performance only when it is kept at an appropriate temperature. Dow Corning customized silicone material can effectively dissipate heat for the battery pack and battery cell, and improve the operating temperature of the battery. At the same time, the liquid silicone that can be dispensed can form a thermal shield around the battery cell in the battery pack. When the environment is too cold or too hot, the battery can still operate efficiently.
Durability
During the daily use of new energy vehicles, moisture will cause the decomposition of lithium hexafluorophosphate in the battery to produce HF, vibration may cause the breakage of the ear, battery short circuit, and these most common factors may affect the battery life. In this regard, Dow Corning has provided a solution of "customized battery pack" with silicone solution to protect the durability of the battery.
Insulation
Another challenge faced by electric vehicle batteries is short circuit and over-current, and the insulation of silicone materials appropriately addresses this problem. The application of organic silicon in the battery can well protect the internal key electronic devices, cell and bus, thus avoiding the risk of surge and battery fire.
As the power source of new energy vehicles, the battery will not only be affected by the battery raw materials such as positive material, negative material, diaphragm, electrolyte, etc., but also by the temperature change, vibration, moisture, etc. during the driving process of new energy vehicles, which will also change the battery performance, thereby affecting its endurance. Scientists have made a lot of exploration on the application of organic silicon in new energy vehicles. As the leader of the organic silicon industry, Dow Corning has put forward a material solution to make new energy vehicles go further.
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