-Lithium iron phosphate and ternary dispute: How to choose between cost and endurance?

Lithium iron phosphate and ternary dispute: How to choose between cost and endurance?
author:enerbyte source:本站 click346 Release date: 2023-09-08 11:13:16
abstract:
At present, the batteries of electric vehicles in China mainly include lithium iron phosphate batteries and ternary lithium ion batteries. Due to the difference in performance depending on the positive electrode material, the negative electrode material is generally graphite, so it is usually...

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At present, the batteries of electric vehicles in China mainly include lithium iron phosphate batteries and ternary lithium ion batteries. Due to the difference in performance depending on the positive electrode material, the negative electrode material is generally graphite, so it is usually named after the positive electrode material.

Lithium iron phosphate battery is a lithium-ion battery that uses lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) as the positive electrode material, and its cost is low. In terms of performance, it has advantages such as good safety performance, long cycle life, good high-temperature performance, and good environmental protection. Its disadvantages are also relatively clear, including poor low-temperature performance, low energy density, and poor product consistency.

Ternary lithium-ion batteries refer to lithium-ion batteries that use nickel cobalt lithium manganate or nickel cobalt lithium aluminate as their cathode materials. Its advantages include high energy density, good cycling performance, and longer endurance under the same conditions; The disadvantage is poor high-temperature safety and high cost.

In the early stages of domestic new energy vehicles, lithium iron phosphate batteries were used. However, due to the era of high subsidies, high energy density and range were the core factors for obtaining high subsidies. Therefore, most car companies have gradually adopted lithium iron phosphate batteries and switched to ternary lithium ion batteries. But with the significant decline in subsidies for new energy vehicles, the accompanying cost pressure has forced some car companies to switch back to lithium iron phosphate batteries. At present, the procurement cost of the iron phosphate lithium-ion battery system for automotive companies is about 0.8 yuan/Wh, while the NCM523 battery costs 1 yuan/Wh. Equivalent to a total battery capacity of 30kWh, if lithium iron phosphate is used, it can be cheaper by 6000 yuan. After considering subsidies, lithium iron phosphate still has a cost advantage of over 4000 yuan, especially for low-priced models, which are more sensitive to this.

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