-What is the reason for the explosion of lithium battery cells

What is the reason for the explosion of lithium battery cells
author:enerbyte source:本站 click428 Release date: 2023-07-13 09:42:39
abstract:
The types of explosion in lithium-ion battery cells can be summarized as external short circuits, internal short circuits, and overcharging. The exterior here refers to the exterior of the battery cell, including short circuits caused by poor insulation design inside the battery pack....

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The types of explosion in lithium-ion battery cells can be summarized as external short circuits, internal short circuits, and overcharging. The exterior here refers to the exterior of the battery cell, including short circuits caused by poor insulation design inside the battery pack.

Lithium is the smallest and most active metal on the chemical periodic table. Due to its small size and high capacity density, it is widely welcomed by consumers and engineers. However, if the chemical properties are too active, it brings extremely high danger. When lithium metal is exposed to air, it will undergo a fierce oxidation reaction with oxygen and explode.

When a short circuit occurs outside the battery cell and the electronic components fail to cut off the circuit, high heat will occur inside the cell, causing some of the electrolyte to vaporize and propping up the battery shell. When the internal temperature of the battery reaches 135 degrees Celsius, high-quality separator paper will close the fine pores, terminate or almost terminate the electrochemical reaction, cause a sudden drop in current and a gradual decrease in temperature, thereby preventing explosion. However, if the closing rate of the pores is too poor, or if the pores do not close at all, the diaphragm paper will cause the battery temperature to continue to rise, causing more electrolyte to vaporize, ultimately breaking the battery shell, and even increasing the battery temperature to cause the material to burn and explode.

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