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Wan Gang, Vice Chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and Chairman of the Chinese Association for Science and Technology, said in the People's Daily recently that in the future, new energy vehicles should be developed in the direction of "hybrid electric vehicles" and "hydrogen fuel cell vehicles", and "the focus of industrialization should be expanded to fuel cell vehicles in a timely manner."
According to the industry interpretation, the state may further support and promote the development of hydrogen fueled vehicles. In fact, under the east wind of relevant favorable policies, the hydrogen fuel vehicle market has been warming up.
Favorable policies increase gradually
As early as in October 2018, at the Third Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Conference, Wan Gang called for financial subsidies for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles after the end of subsidies for electric vehicles in 2020. In addition, at the TEDA Forum in September 2018, the Deputy Director of the Department of High tech Development and Industrialization of the Ministry of Science and Technology continued to disclose in advance the industrial focus at the end of the "13th Five Year Plan" and during the "14th Five Year Plan". On the one hand, it focused on the key core technologies of hydrogen fuel cells for vehicles, as well as the research and development of core technologies such as hydrogen production, hydrogen storage and hydrogenation, and continued to strengthen advanced power cell technology and the next generation power electronic device technology.
In 2016, the Blue Book on the Development of China's Hydrogen Energy Industry Infrastructure (2016) issued by the Resources and Environment Branch of the Chinese Academy of Standardization and the China Electrical Appliance Industry Association also put forward the development roadmap of China's hydrogen energy industry for the first time. By 2020, the number of hydrogen refueling stations will reach 100, and the number of fuel cell vehicles will reach 10000.
In September 2017, Shanghai released the Development Plan of Fuel Cell Vehicles in Shanghai. It is planned that by 2020, the hydrogen fuel cell industry chain will create an output value of 15 billion yuan in Shanghai, 100 billion yuan by 2025, and 20000 passenger cars will be sold. Since then, Xi'an, Guangzhou, Wuhan and other places have also successively released development plans for hydrogen fuel cell industry.
Accelerated domestic layout
As an alternative fuel for automobiles, hydrogen fuel has the advantages of good acceleration, fuel adaptability, good low-temperature starting, ultra-low emissions and high efficiency under all working conditions. According to the report released by the International Hydrogen Energy Commission in 2017, hydrogen energy is an important way to transform the energy structure. It is estimated that by 2050, through a larger scale of popularization, hydrogen energy will account for about 20% of the total energy consumption.
In recent years, domestic enterprises have also deployed hydrogen fuel field. In January 2018, Dongfeng Industry and Shanghai Electric Drive established a joint venture to implement projects such as commercial vehicle traction electric drive system, passenger vehicle traction electric drive system, hydrogen fuel cell engine system and new energy vehicle core electrical system; In November 2018, Weichai Power subscribed 19.9% of the shares of the famous foreign fuel cell company Ballard with US $164 million, becoming its largest shareholder, and plans to jointly promote the development and application of hydrogen fuel cells in China. Weichai Power has said that it plans to provide at least 2000 sets of fuel cell modules for commercial vehicles in China by 2021, which is also the largest deployment plan for commercial fuel cell vehicles in the world.
According to media reports, since 2018, more than 2000 hydrogen fuel cell vehicles and 12 hydrogen refueling stations have been put into operation nationwide. In 2018, 72 fuel cell models of 16 auto enterprises entered the Catalogue of Recommended Models for the Promotion and Application of New Energy Vehicles, an increase of 227% compared with 22 models of 10 auto enterprises in 2017. At the same time, there are 30 fuel cell vehicle battery suppliers in the directory, while only 8 suppliers entered the directory in 2017.
Difficult development
However, there are also doubts about hydrogen fueled vehicles. The promotion of hydrogen fueled vehicles still faces challenges in technology, cost, business model, etc.
Dong Yang, deputy secretary-general of the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, said publicly: "Fuel cells deserve attention and should be developed, but they cannot be popularized quickly. Enterprises and local governments should make clear the positioning of fuel cell vehicles."
It is understood that the high manufacturing cost of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles and the limited layout of hydrogen refueling stations are the key factors restricting the development of the industry. At present, the catalyst of hydrogen fuel cell mainly uses platinum, but platinum resources are scarce and expensive, making the cost high. In addition, the safety of hydrogen fuel cells is also a concern of consumers.
At present, the market share of hydrogen fuel cells is mainly concentrated in Japanese enterprises and American enterprises. According to a research report, by 2021, 11 automobile manufacturers in the world, including Toyota, Lexus, Hyundai, Kia, Honda, Mercedes Benz and BMW, will launch hydrogen fuel cell models.
In contrast, although China has begun to attach importance to the development of hydrogen fuel cells, there is still a certain distance from commercialization, and most enterprises mainly engaged in hydrogen fuel cell related businesses have poor performance. According to the statistics of Gaogong Lithium Battery, as of the first half of 2018, most of the enterprises mainly engaged in hydrogen fuel cell related businesses were in a loss state. The mainstream enterprise Yihuatong had a loss of 23.35 million yuan, Furui Hydrogen Energy had a loss of 7.09 million yuan, Shangran Power had a loss of 10.5403 million yuan, Jiangsu Qingneng had a loss of 3.5321 million yuan, and Li Hydrogen Energy had a loss of 3.5321 million yuan.
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